{"id":3931,"date":"2019-05-03T17:22:06","date_gmt":"2019-05-03T10:22:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/robot.yeupet.vn\/cac-loai-benh-o-ca-va-cach-phong-tranh-guppy-city\/"},"modified":"2019-05-03T17:22:06","modified_gmt":"2019-05-03T10:22:06","slug":"cac-loai-benh-o-ca-va-cach-phong-tranh-guppy-city","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/robot.yeupet.vn\/index.php\/2019\/05\/03\/cac-loai-benh-o-ca-va-cach-phong-tranh-guppy-city\/","title":{"rendered":"C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ec7nh \u1edf c\u00e1 v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch ph\u00f2ng tr\u00e1nh &#8211; GUPPY CITY"},"content":{"rendered":"<div>\n<p><strong>C\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh v\u1ec1 c\u00e1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chia l\u00e0m 4 lo\u1ea1i ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn bao g\u1ed3m: nhi\u1ec5m tr\u00f9ng, nhi\u1ec5m n\u1ea5m, k\u00fd sinh ho\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec5m nguy\u00ean sinh, suy nh\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 v\u1ebft th\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1edf.<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>B\u1ec7nh nhi\u1ec5m tr\u00f9ng: b\u1ec7nh nhi\u1ec5m tr\u00f9ng th\u01b0\u1eddng bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n b\u1edfi s\u1ecdc ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ed1m \u0111\u1ecf c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bao g\u1ed3m s\u01b0ng v\u00f9ng b\u1ee5ng ho\u1eb7c m\u1eaft. B\u1ec7nh n\u00e0y \u0111c ch\u1eefa tr\u1ecb t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t b\u1eb1ng kh\u00e1ng sinh nh\u01b0: penicillin, amoxicillin, ho\u1eb7c erythromycin.<\/li>\n<li>B\u1ec7nh n\u1ea5m: nhi\u1ec5m n\u1ea5m th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n b\u1edfi c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3nh l\u00f4ng t\u01a1 tr\u1eafng ho\u1eb7c x\u00e1m. Are( \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y thi\u1ebfu)<\/li>\n<li>B\u1ec7nh k\u00fd sinh: B\u1ec7nh k\u00fd sinh ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cIch\u201d(l\u1edf lo\u00e9t) ch\u1eefa tr\u1ecb hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 nh\u1ea5t b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng (nguy\u00ean v\u0103n copper) ho\u1eb7c kho\u00e1ng xanh v\u1edbi li\u1ec1u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p. H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft ph\u01b0\u01a1ng thu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng. Nhi\u1ec1u thu\u1ed1c n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u01b0 \u201cAquari-Sol\u201d c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ec1u ch\u1ee9a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng. N\u1ebfu thu\u1ed1c b\u1ea1n s\u1eed d\u00f9ng l\u00e0 kh\u00e1ng sinh ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ee9a g\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u01b0 tr\u00ean, h\u00e3y nh\u1edb lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf h\u1ebft carbon( trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y l\u00e0 than ho\u1ea1t t\u00ednh) ra kh\u1ecfi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u1ecdc.<\/li>\n<li>Suy nh\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5t: Suy nh\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1edfi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ec3. ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc k\u00e9m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1 th\u1edf ng\u00e1p, b\u1ecf \u0103n, nh\u1ea3y ra ngo\u00e0i b\u1ec3,v.v. C\u00e1c lo\u00e0i nu\u00f4i chung trong b\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra k\u1eb9p v\u00e2y ho\u1eb7c v\u1ebft th\u01b0\u01a1ng do c\u1eafn (bite wounds).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>L\u00e0m sao \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba b\u1ec7nh cho c\u00e1. V\u00e0i b\u01b0\u1edbc sau \u0111\u00e2y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u00e1 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m b\u1ec7nh. L\u00e0m theo nh\u1eefng c\u00e1ch ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba n\u00e0y c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ng\u0103n b\u1ec7nh ph\u00e1t t\u00e1n r\u1ed9ng n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 m\u1eafc ph\u1ea3i.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Ch\u1ec9 mua c\u00e1 c\u00f3 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ed1t, ho\u1eb7c ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p nu\u00f4i chung v\u1edbi nhau.<\/li>\n<li>C\u00e1ch ly c\u00e1 m\u1edbi tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi cho v\u00e0o b\u1ec3. (M\u1ed9t b\u1ec3 c\u00e1ch ly c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y).<\/li>\n<li>Tr\u00e1nh l\u00e0m c\u00e1 b\u1ecb strees v\u1edbi c\u1ea7m m\u1ea1nh tay, thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ed9t ng\u1ed9t m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1ng, ho\u1eb7c b\u1ecb c\u00e1 kh\u00e1c b\u1eaft n\u1ea1t.<\/li>\n<li>Kh\u00f4ng cho c\u00e1 \u0103n qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u.<\/li>\n<li>B\u1ecf c\u00e1 b\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh sang b\u1ec3 c\u00e1ch ly \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1eefa tr\u1ecb.<\/li>\n<li>Kh\u00f4ng d\u00f9ng l\u1ea1i v\u1ee3t \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 v\u1edbt c\u00e1 b\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh.<\/li>\n<li>Kh\u00f4ng chuy\u1ec3n n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1eeb b\u1ec3 c\u00e1ch ly sang b\u1ec3 ch\u00ednh.<\/li>\n<li>Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 kim lo\u1ea1i (g\u1ed1c s\u1eaft) ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1ec3 c\u00e1.<\/li>\n<li>Kh\u00e1ng sinh: Khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 lo\u1ea1i kh\u00e1ng sinh n\u00e0o, h\u00e3y \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u1ecdc vi sinh trong b\u1ec3 c\u00e1 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb di\u1ec7t.\u00a0\u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o li\u1ec1u thu\u1ed1c kh\u00f4ng di\u1ec7t l\u1ee3i khu\u1ea9n l\u1eabn vi khu\u1ea9n g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i tr\u00ean c\u00e1 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c b\u00e1n \u1edf c\u1eeda h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m h\u1ea1i h\u1ec7 vi sinh ,nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00f4i khi th\u00ec c\u00f3. T\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t n\u00ean \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u00ecnh m\u1ee9c ammonia l\u1eabn nitrite, ho\u1eb7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thu\u1ed1c kh\u1eed ammonia nh\u01b0 \u201cAmQuel\u201d \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn m\u1ee9c ammonia kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea1t ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i.<\/li>\n<li>Thu\u1ed1c ch\u1ee9a nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ed3ng: Khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c c\u00f3 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng, l\u01b0u \u00fd r\u1eb1ng h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i c\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng. C\u00e1c lo\u00e0i kh\u00f4ng x\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u01b0 \u1ed1c h\u1ea1i, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb di\u1ec7t n\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ee7 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ed3ng. Th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft thu\u1ed1c di\u1ec7t \u1ed1c h\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 g\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed3ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>B\u1ea3ng chu\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1edbi c\u00e1 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, m\u1ed9t chu\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n \u0111\u00fang th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n. Trong h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p, m\u1ed9t li\u1ec1u thu\u1ed1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n mua \u1edf c\u00e1c c\u1eeda h\u00e0ng th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 r\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t.<\/p>\n<p>C\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc chu\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n v\u00e0 ch\u1eefa tr\u1ecb cho c\u00e1:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong><em>Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng:<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0T\u00ecm bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng trong c\u1ed9t tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng.<\/li>\n<li><strong><em>Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n:<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0T\u00ean v\u00e0 chi ti\u1ebft m\u1ed7i lo\u1ea1i b\u1ec7nh c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 \u0111c vi\u1ebft b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi b\u1ea3ng n\u00e0y.<\/li>\n<li><strong><em>Thu\u1ed1c ch\u1eefa:<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0T\u00ecm thu\u1ed1c ch\u1eefa ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p trong c\u1ed9t \u2018Thu\u1ed1c ch\u1eefa\u2019.<\/li>\n<li><strong><em>Product Link<\/em><\/strong>: ( c\u00e1i n\u00e0y l\u00e0 d\u1eabn gi\u00e1 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea7m cho ae so s\u00e1nh nh\u01b0ng to\u00e0n shop c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i n\u00ean m\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 nguy\u00ean)<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong><em>Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng<\/em><\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong><em>Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n<\/em><\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong><em>Thu\u1ed1c ch\u1eefa<\/em><\/strong><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0110\u1ed1m tr\u1eafng nh\u1ecf tr\u00ean v\u00e2y ho\u1eb7c da, teo v\u00e2y<\/td>\n<td>Ich \u00a0(l\u1edf lo\u00e9t)<\/td>\n<td>Coppersafe, Quick-Cure<br \/>Ich-Ease, Aquari-sol, Cure-Ick, Super Ick Cure<\/td>\n<td><strong>Ick Medications<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>M\u00e0ng n\u00e2u \u0111\u1ecf, v\u00e0ng v\u1ecdt, teo v\u00e2y<\/td>\n<td>Velvet (l\u00f4ng nhung)<\/td>\n<td>Coppersafe, Quick-Cure<br \/>Aquari-sol, Cure-Ick, Super Ick Cure<\/td>\n<td><strong>CopperSafe<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Kho\u1ea3ng l\u00f4ng t\u01a1 tr\u1eafng ho\u1eb7c x\u00e1m<\/td>\n<td>Fungus(n\u1ea5m)<\/td>\n<td><strong>Maracyn, Fungus Cure, Methyl Blue, Antibiotics for secondary infections.<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>Fungus Cure<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Kho\u1ea3ng l\u00f4ng t\u01a1 tr\u1eafng ho\u1eb7c x\u00e1m quanh mi\u1ec7ng<\/td>\n<td>Columnaris, Mouth Fungus<\/p>\n<p>(n\u1ea5m mi\u1ec7ng)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>Erythromycin, Kanacyn, Fish Pen (penicillin), Maracyn<br \/>Antibiotics for secondary infections. (Use Maracyn simultaneously with Maracyn II)<\/td>\n<td><strong>Fish Antibiotics<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>M\u00e0u nh\u1ee3t nh\u1ea1t<\/td>\n<td>Neon Tetra disease (b\u1ec7nh c\u00e1 neon)<\/td>\n<td>Ko c\u00f3 c\u00e1ch ch\u1eefa<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>B\u01a1i v\u1ecdt quanh b\u1ec3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng.C\u00f3 ch\u1ea5m nh\u1ecf \u0111en \u0111\u1ecf d\u01b0\u1edbi da.<\/td>\n<td>Flukes<\/td>\n<td>Paragon, Clout, Proxipro, Fluke-Tabs<\/td>\n<td><strong>Fish Flukes<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0110\u00e1m m\u00e0u tr\u1eafng s\u1eefa tr\u00ean da<\/td>\n<td>Costia,\u00a0Chilodonella<\/td>\n<td>Coppersafe,\u00a0 Quick-Cure, Acriflavine<\/td>\n<td><strong>Fish Antibiotics<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>M\u1ea5t v\u00e2y ho\u1eb7c \u0111u\u00f4i<\/td>\n<td>Tail or fin rot(th\u1ed1i v\u00e2y ho\u1eb7c \u0111u\u00f4i)<\/td>\n<td><strong>Maracyn, Methylblue, Organi-Cure, Antibiotics, Tetracycline, Chloromycetin<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>Tail Rot \/ Fin Rot Medication<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>S\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ecf tr\u00ean th\u00e2n<\/td>\n<td>Red pest,\u00a0Fin rot (k\u00fd sinh \u0111\u1ecf, th\u1ed1i v\u00e2y)<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"3\">Tetracycline, Penicillin. Acriflavine, Chloromycetin, Fish Pen (penicillin)<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"3\"><strong>Fish Antibiotics<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>U nh\u1ecf v\u00e0ng \u0111en tr\u00ean da<\/td>\n<td>Ichthyosporidium (k\u00fd sinh)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>V\u1ebft lo\u00e9t tr\u00ean da<\/td>\n<td>Red pest,Ichthyosporidium (k\u00fd sinh)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>G\u1ea7y g\u1ed9c, b\u1ee5ng, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1edf lo\u00e9t<\/td>\n<td>Tuberculosis (b\u1ec7nh lao)<\/td>\n<td>Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00e1ch ch\u1eefa<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>V\u1ea9y l\u1ed3i ra v\u1edbi th\u00e2n ph\u1ed3ng to<\/td>\n<td>Dropsy(b\u1ec7nh ph\u00f9)<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">Cho \u0103n th\u1ee9c \u0103n kh\u00e1ng sinh<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"2\"><strong>Anti-Bacteria Medicated Foods<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>V\u1ea9y l\u1ed3i ra nh\u01b0ng th\u00e2n b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Scale protrusion(l\u1ed3i v\u1ea9y)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>M\u1eaft nh\u00f4 ra<\/td>\n<td>Pop eye(l\u1ed3i m\u1eaft)<\/td>\n<td>Penicillin or amoxicillin<\/td>\n<td><strong>Fish Antibiotics<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>M\u1eaft \u0111\u1ee5c<\/td>\n<td>Eye problems,<br \/>Ich,\u00a0Velvet<\/td>\n<td>Maracyn, Maracyn Plus, Antibiotics for bacterial infection, Increase vitamin A.<\/td>\n<td><strong>Bacterial Antibiotics<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>L\u1ed7 \u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u, l\u1edf lo\u00e9t ph\u1ea7n vi\u1ec1n, bi\u1ebfng \u0103n<\/td>\n<td>Head and Lateral Line Disease<br \/>(Hole-in-the-Head)<\/td>\n<td>Paragon, Hole N Head Guard, Hakari Hole in the Head<\/td>\n<td><strong>Hole in the Head Medications<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u00a0Ph\u00e2n nh\u1ea7y m\u00e0u tr\u1eafng, bi\u1ebfng \u0103n, b\u01a1i l\u00f9i<\/td>\n<td>Hexamita<\/td>\n<td>Metronidazole<\/td>\n<td><strong>Hexamita Medications<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Gi\u00e1p x\u00e1c tr\u00ean da (???)<\/td>\n<td>Argulus,\u00a0Ergasilus<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">Paragon, Trifon, Anti-Fluke treatment<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"2\"><strong>Anti-Fluke treatments<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Flukes on skin or gills<\/td>\n<td>Flukes<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Giun l\u1ee7ng l\u1eb3ng \u1edf h\u1eadu m\u00f4n<\/td>\n<td>Nematoda<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">Paragon, Trifon, Worm Parasitic treatment<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"2\"><strong>Worm Parasitic treatment<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Giun h\u00ecnh tim<\/td>\n<td>Leeches(\u0111\u1ec9a)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ed1m tr\u1eafng ph\u1ed3ng l\u00ean tr\u00ean v\u00e2y ho\u1eb7c da<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Lymphocystis,Glugea,\u00a0Henneguya<\/td>\n<td>Ko g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i v\u00e0 s\u1ebd t\u1ef1 h\u1ebft sau 1 th\u1eddi gian<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Nh\u00ecn ch\u1eb1m ch\u1eb1m v\u00e0o \u0111\u00e1 ho\u1eb7c c\u00e2y trong b\u1ec3<\/td>\n<td>Velvet,\u00a0Ich,\u00a0Flukes,Anchor worm,Chilodonella,\u00a0Costia<\/td>\n<td>Ich Medication (Ich)<br \/>Paragon (Worms)<\/td>\n<td><strong>Ick and Worm Medications<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>M\u1ea5t th\u0103ng b\u1eb1ng(b\u01a1i nghi\u00eang)<\/td>\n<td>Swim bladder disease<\/td>\n<td>Ki\u1ec3m tra th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 b\u1ec3(nitrate, amonia) ho\u1eb7c t\u00ecm d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u b\u1ec7nh kh\u00e1c<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Ng\u00e1p tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t n\u01b0\u1edbc<\/td>\n<td>Thi\u1ebfu oxi\/th\u1eeba co2 , b\u1ec3 qu\u00e1 n\u00f3ng ho\u1eb7c shock<\/td>\n<td>Oxygenex, Oxygen stones \u2013 (short-term).<br \/>Provide better water circulation, lower temperature<\/td>\n<td><strong>Oxygen Aquarium Aids<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Nh\u1ea3y kh\u1ecfi m\u1eb7t n\u01b0\u1edbc<\/td>\n<td>pH ko ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p ho\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec5m \u0111\u1ed9c<\/td>\n<td>Ki\u1ec3m tra pH, thay n\u01b0\u1edbc ho\u1eb7c kh\u1eed clo<\/td>\n<td><strong>Ph Buffers<\/strong><br \/>Automatically set &amp; stabilize your aquarium pH . Remove chlorine &amp; detoxify heavy metals.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>B\u1ee5ng ph\u1ed3ng, ph\u00e2n d\u00e0i<\/td>\n<td>Constipation\u00a0or N\u1ed9i k\u00fd sinh<\/td>\n<td>Medicinal parrafin oil, change in diet,<br \/>Anti-Parasitic Medicated Food<\/td>\n<td><strong>Anti-Parasitic Medicated Foods<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>R\u00e1ch v\u00e2y ho\u1eb7c m\u1ea5t v\u1ea3y<\/td>\n<td>B\u1ecb th\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1eadt<\/td>\n<td>Wound Treat, Bio Bandage, Stress relievers.<br \/>Look for and remove bully fish.<br \/>Medications: Melafix<\/td>\n<td><strong>Wound Treatments<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>Nhi\u1ec5m khu\u1ea9n<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>K\u00fd sinh \u0111\u1ecf<\/strong><br \/><strong>Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng: S\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ecf tr\u00ean v\u00e2y ho\u1eb7c th\u00e2n.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>K\u00fd sinh \u0111\u1ecf \u0111c g\u1ecdi nh\u01b0 v\u1eady b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng s\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ecf xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n tr\u00ean th\u00e2n, v\u00e2y ho\u1eb7c \u0111u\u00f4i. Nh\u1eefng s\u1ecdc \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y lo\u00e9t v\u00e0 co kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng g\u00e2y r\u1eefa \u0111u\u00f4i ho\u1eb7c v\u00e2y, trong v\u00e0i tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p, ph\u1ea7n \u0111u\u00f4i ho\u1eb7c v\u00e2y b\u1ecb r\u1ee5ng ra. V\u00ec l\u00e0 b\u1ec7nh trong c\u01a1 th\u1ec3, c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ch\u1eefa tr\u1ecb b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i th\u01b0\u1eddng ko hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, tr\u1eeb m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 raart \u00edt tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p.\u00a0Trong m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p, t\u1ea9y u\u1ebf b\u1ec3 v\u00e0 l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3.Kh\u00f4ng cho c\u00e1 \u0103n nhi\u1ec1u trong khi \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb b\u1ec3. \u0110\u1ec3 t\u1ea9y u\u1ebf, d\u00f9ng acriflavine (trypaflavine) ho\u1eb7c monacrin (monoaminoacridine) h\u00f2a tan \u1edf t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 1ml\/1l n\u01b0\u1edbc. C\u1ea3 2 lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ed5i m\u00e0u n\u01b0\u1edbc, nh\u01b0ng m\u00e0u s\u1ebd bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t khi thu\u1ed1c \u0111c h\u00f2a tan. N\u1ebfu c\u00e1 ko c\u00f3 d\u1ea7u hi\u1ec7u thuy\u00ean gi\u1ea3m, ng\u1eebng l\u1ea1i qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ea9y u\u1ebf.<br \/>Sau \u0111\u00f3 th\u00eam kh\u00e1ng sinh v\u00e0o th\u1ee9c \u0103n. V\u1edbi th\u1ee9c \u0103n d\u1ea1ng v\u1ea9y(flake), d\u00f9ng kho\u1ea3ng 1% kh\u00e1ng sinh v\u00e0 tr\u1ed9n 1 c\u00e1ch c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n b\u1ecf \u0111\u00f3i c\u00e1, ch\u00fang s\u1ebd \u0103n h\u1ebft h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi kh\u00e1ng sinh b\u1ecb tan ra n\u01b0\u1edbc. Kh\u00e1ng sinh th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng vi\u00ean con nh\u1ed9ng 250mg. N\u1ebfu d\u00f9ng 25g th\u1ee9c \u0103n d\u1ea1ng v\u1ea9y, m\u1ed9t vi\u00ean con nh\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1eefa cho h\u00e0ng t\u00e1 c\u00e1. Kh\u00e1ng sinh t\u1ed1t n\u00ean d\u00f9ng l\u00e0 chloromycetin (chloramphenicol). Ho\u1eb7c d\u00f9ng tetracycline. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n cho c\u00e1 \u0103n th\u1ee9c \u0103n \u0111\u00f4ng l\u1ea1nh ho\u1eb7c x\u1eaft nh\u1ecf, Th\u1eed d\u00f9ng t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 tr\u1ed9n t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 v\u1edbi th\u1ee9c \u0103n d\u1ea1ng v\u1ea9y. T\u1ed1i \u0111a ch\u1ec9 10mg kh\u00e1ng sinh\/1l n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><strong>Columnaris \u2013 N\u1ea5m mi\u1ec7ng<\/strong><br \/><strong>Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng: kho\u1ea3ng b\u00f4ng tr\u1eafng quanh mi\u1ec7ng, ch\u1ea5m tr\u1eafng tr\u00ean m\u1ed3m, xung quanh c\u1eb1m v\u00e0 v\u00f9ng mi\u1ec7ng, g\u1edd v\u1ea9y ho\u1eb7c \u0111u\u00f4i. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u00e8m theo ph\u00e2n d\u00e0i trong su\u1ed1t, bi\u1ebfng \u0103n, v\u00e0 mang \u0111\u1eadp nhanh n\u1ebfu b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m \u1edf mang.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>T\u00ean g\u1ecdi Columnaris th\u01b0\u1eddng hay g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 n\u1ea5m mi\u1ec7ng, Cotton-Wool, Cotton-Mouth, Mouth-Rot, Saddle Back,\u00a0 Flexibacter, False Neon Disease, and Guppy Disease.(\u0110o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y l\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u00ean ti\u1ebfng anh kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh)<br \/>N\u00f3 th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 n\u1ea5m mi\u1ec7ng v\u00ec n\u00f3 tr\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 v\u00f9ng n\u1ea5m t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng v\u00f9ng mi\u1ec7ng (looks like a fungus attack of the mouth). Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n do vi khu\u1ea9n\u00a0<em>Flavobacterium columnare<\/em>, tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0\u00a0<em>Flexibacter columnaris<\/em>,\u00a0<em>Bacillus columnaris<\/em>,\u00a0<em>Chondrococcus columnaris<\/em>, v\u00e0\u00a0<em>Cytophaga columnaris<\/em>. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec5m tr\u00f9ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1edbi b\u1ec3 c\u00e1 n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ecdt, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u00e1 c\u00f3 mang v\u00e0 c\u00e1 tr\u00ea. Kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n \u1edf c\u00e1 bi\u1ec3n.<br \/>Columnaris c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o c\u00e1 qua mang, mi\u1ec7ng, ho\u1eb7c v\u1ebft th\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u1ecf tr\u00ean da d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng vi\u00eam nhi\u1ec5m n\u1ed9i ho\u1eb7c ngo\u1ea1i c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 an. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u00eanh m\u1ea1n t\u00ednh \u1ee7 b\u1ec7nh trong nhi\u1ec1u ng\u00e0y ho\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec1u th\u00e1ng hay c\u0169ng c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ec7nh c\u1ea5p t\u00ednh l\u00e2y lan nhanh, th\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u00e9t s\u1ea1ch to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e1 ch\u1ec9 trong v\u00e0i gi\u1edd. B\u1ec7nh d\u1ec5 l\u00e2y nhi\u1ec5m v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t t\u00e1n qua v\u1ee3t c\u00e1 b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m b\u1ec7nh, b\u1ec3 m\u1eabu (specimen containers), v\u00e0 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed l\u00e0 c\u1ea3 th\u1ee9c \u0103n.<br \/>B\u1ec7nh n\u00e0y \u0111c mang \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1edfi c\u00e1 b\u1ecb stress, th\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1eadt, ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 \u0103n ko \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7, v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc k\u00e9m, bao g\u1ed3m \u0111\u1ed9 pH kh\u00f4ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh. \u0110\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba n\u1ea5m mi\u1ec7ng b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec ngu\u1ed3n n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1edbi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u1ecdc vi sinh t\u1ed1t v\u00e0 thay n\u01b0\u1edbc h\u00e0ng tu\u1ea7n trong \u0111\u00f3 bao g\u1ed3m h\u00fat n\u1ec1n. Gi\u1eef b\u1ec3 tho\u00e1ng kh\u00ed, cung c\u1ea5p cho c\u00e1 kh\u1ea9u ph\u1ea7n \u0103n \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7, v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng nu\u00f4i c\u00e1 \u1edf m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 qu\u00e1 \u0111\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n<p>N\u1ea5m mi\u1ec7ng th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u1ec1n l\u00e0 1 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng x\u00e1m ho\u1eb7c tr\u1eafng quanh mi\u1ec7ng v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 m\u1ecdc ch\u00f9m ng\u1eafn quanh mi\u1ec7ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 n\u1ea5m. Vi khu\u1ea9n n\u00e0y t\u1ea1o ra protein v\u00e0 s\u1ee5n l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m \u0103n enzym t\u1eeb c\u00e1 v\u00e0 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh d\u1ea1ng tr\u00f2n ho\u1eb7c oval v\u1edbi v\u1ebft lo\u00e9t h\u1edf \u1edf ch\u00ednh gi\u1eefa. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00e2y, b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb s\u1ef1 \u0103n m\u00f2n ngo\u00e0i r\u00eca, ho\u1eb7c th\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ed5n \u1edf l\u01b0ng v\u00e2y. B\u1ec7nh v\u00f5ng l\u01b0ng (saddleback) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u00f9ng m\u00e0u x\u00e1m g\u1ea7n l\u01b0ng v\u00e2y v\u00e0 d\u1ea3i tr\u1eafng nh\u1ea1t v\u00f2ng quanh th\u00e2n c\u00e1. K\u00e8m theo l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u00e9t lo\u00e9t m\u00e0u n\u00e2u v\u00e0ng nh\u1ea1t ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u1edf ch\u00ednh gi\u1eefa. M\u00e0u s\u1eafc n\u00e0y t\u1ea1o n\u00ean b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t b\u1ecb gi\u1eef l\u1ea1i do ch\u1ea5t nh\u1edbt m\u00e0 vi khu\u1ea9n n\u00e0y t\u1ea1o ra.<br \/>\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u00ean t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng nhanh c\u1ea7n \u0111c \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c. \u0110\u1ed9c t\u1ed1 t\u1ea1o ra b\u1edfi vi khu\u1ea9n v\u00e0 ko c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0103n u\u1ed1ng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft kh\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh kh\u1ecfi tr\u1eeb khi \u0111c \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb \u1edf giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea7u. Vi khu\u1ea9n n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i khu\u1ea9n b\u1ed9i nhi\u1ec5m kh\u00e1c thu\u1ed9c d\u00f2ng \u00a0Aeromonas v\u00e0 n\u1ea5m th\u01b0\u1eddng x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o v\u00f9ng da \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb nhi\u1ebfm b\u1ec7nh. L\u01b0u \u00fd r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a vi khu\u1ea9n n\u00e0y mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch \u0111c thu\u1ed1c kh\u00e1ng sinh. V\u00ec th\u1ebf b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ee7 li\u1ec1u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng thu\u1ed1c. \u0110\u1ec3 c\u1ee9u b\u1ec3 c\u00e1 v\u00e0 c\u00e1 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n kh\u1ecfi b\u1ec7nh n\u00e0y, \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean ph\u1ea3i n\u00e2ng c\u1ea5p ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh ch\u1eefa tr\u1ecb.<\/p>\n<p>V\u00e0i lo\u1ea1i kh\u00e1ng sinh ho\u1eb7c thu\u1ed1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ecb n\u1ea5m mi\u1ec7ng:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Penicillin: Penicillin \u1edf 10,000 \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb tr\u00ean 1l n\u01b0\u1edbc r\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 trong vi\u1ec7c ch\u1eefa tr\u1ecb. D\u00f9ng li\u1ec1u th\u1ee9 2 trong v\u00f2ng 2 ng\u00e0y.<\/li>\n<li>Chloromycetin: b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng chloromycetin, 10 to 20 mg \/1l n\u01b0\u1edbc, v\u1edbi li\u1ec1u th\u1ee9 2 trong v\u00f2ng 2 ng\u00e0y.<\/li>\n<li>Kanacyn (kanamycin): Kanacyn tr\u1ecb \u0111c c\u1ea3 2 lo\u1ea1i vi khu\u1ea9n c\u00f9ng l\u00fac.<\/li>\n<li>Maracyn (erythromycin): Maracyn c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u1edbi Columnaris, v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Maracyn 2 (minocycline) c\u00f9ng l\u00fac \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb Aeromonas.<\/li>\n<li>M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i kh\u00e1c: \u0110\u1ed3ng sun-phat, Furan, Tetracycline, thu\u1ed1c t\u00edm. Nifurpirinol, Acriflavine, Chloramphenicol v\u00e0 kho\u00e1ng xanh (Malachite green) c\u0169ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 trong vi\u1ec7c ch\u1eefa tr\u1ecb.<\/li>\n<li>Medicated Foods: cho \u0103n v\u1edbi th\u1ee9c \u0103n tr\u1ed9n Terramycin (Oxytetracycline) s\u1ebd gi\u00fap ch\u1eefa b\u1ec7nh n\u00e0y t\u1eeb b\u00ean trong.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><strong>Tuberculos \u2013 Mycobacteriosis<\/strong><strong><br \/><\/strong><strong>Syn: fish tuberculosis, piscine tuberculosis, acid-fast disease, granuloma disease.<\/strong><br \/><strong>\u00a0Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng: h\u1ed1c h\u00e1c, tr\u01b0\u1edbng b\u1ee5ng, l\u1edf lo\u00e9t.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Tuberculosis g\u00e2y ra b\u1edfi si\u00eau vi khu\u1ea9n Mycobacterium piscium. C\u00e1 b\u1ecb m\u1eafc tuberculosis c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean \u00a0l\u1edd \u0111\u1edd, tr\u01b0\u1edbng b\u1ee5ng, nh\u1ee3t nh\u1ea1t, lo\u00e9t da v\u00e0 v\u00e2y x\u01a1 x\u00e1c, m\u1ea5t v\u00e2y ho\u1eb7c v\u1ea9y, bi\u1ebfng \u0103n. U nh\u1ecf m\u00e0u v\u00e0ng nh\u1ea1t ho\u1eb7c t\u1ed1i m\u00e0u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n tr\u00ean m\u1eaft ho\u1eb7c th\u00e2n c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u00e0m bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng c\u00e1.<br \/>Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n ch\u00ednh g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh n\u00e0y xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec3 cao trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n nh\u1ebfch nh\u00e1c vd: ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc k\u00e9m. M\u1ecdi lo\u00e0i c\u00e1 \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1edfi \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n n\u00eau tr\u00ean \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u00e0i d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng h\u01a1n. D\u1ec5 b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i c\u00e1 \u0111\u1edbp th\u1edf nh\u01b0 : c\u00e1 s\u1eb7c g\u1ea5m, Betta, v\u00e0 c\u00e1 \u00f4ng ti\u00ean. C\u00e1c lo\u00e0i kh\u00e1c bao g\u1ed3m Neon, c\u00e1 \u0111\u0129a, v\u00e0 c\u00e1 ph\u01b0\u1ee3ng ho\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb d\u1ee9t \u0111i\u1ec3m. Tuy nhi\u00ean ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 nh\u1ea5t cho b\u1ec7nh n\u00e0y l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb v\u1edbi Kanamycin v\u00e0 Vitamin B-6 trong 30 ng\u00e0y. Kanamycin c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 mua \u1edf c\u00e1c c\u1eeda h\u00e0ng n\u01a1i b\u1ea1n s\u1ed1ng( em d\u1ecbch nguy\u00ean v\u0103n \u1ea1, ko \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u00fang \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam). Vitamins n\u01b0\u1edbc cho tr\u1ebb nh\u1ecf l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n Vitamin B-6 t\u1ed1t. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 mua \u1edf c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7u thu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng. Cho 5 gi\u1ecdt m\u1ed7i 100l n\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1ec3.<\/li>\n<li>N\u1ebfu vi\u1ec7c \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb ko hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 n\u00ean ti\u00eau h\u1ee7y c\u00e1 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m b\u1ec7nh.<\/li>\n<li>N\u1ebfu nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh t\u1eeb c\u1ea3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n n\u01b0\u1edbc k\u00e9m l\u1eabn nu\u00f4i qu\u00e1 \u0111\u00f4ng c\u00e1, kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng tr\u00ean.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>C\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e2y nhi\u1ec5m b\u1ec7nh n\u00e0y n\u00ean ch\u00fang t\u00f4i khuy\u1ebfn c\u00e1o s\u1eed d\u00f9ng bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba khi ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi ngu\u1ed3n b\u1ec7nh. d\u00f9 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi r\u1ea5t hi\u1ebfm khi g\u1eb7p nguy c\u01a1 t\u1eeb b\u1ec3 c\u00e1. Con ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1ec5 m\u1eafc ph\u1ea3i b\u1ec7nh n\u00e0y hay t\u1eeb b\u1ec3 b\u01a1i c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng ho\u1eb7c th\u1ee9c \u0103n nhi\u1ec5m \u0111\u1ed9c.<\/p>\n<p><strong>B\u1ec7nh ph\u00f9 n\u1ec1<\/strong><br \/><strong>Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng: th\u00e2n ph\u1ed3ng r\u1ed9p, l\u1ed3i v\u1ea9y.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Ph\u00f9 n\u1ec1 g\u00e2y ra b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i vi khu\u1ea9n x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o th\u1eadn, g\u00e2y n\u00ean t\u00edch tr\u1eef n\u01b0\u1edbc trong c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 ho\u1eb7c suy th\u1eadn renal. Ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng trong c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 t\u00edch t\u1ee5 v\u00e0 l\u00e0m c\u00e1 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00ean c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi l\u1ed3i v\u1ea9y. N\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh cho c\u00e1 \u1ed1m y\u1ebfu s\u1eb5n ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 do \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n b\u1ec3 nh\u1ebfch nh\u00e1c.<br \/>C\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 tr\u1ed9n kh\u00e1ng sinh v\u00e0o th\u1ee9c \u0103n. V\u1edbi th\u1ee9c \u0103n d\u1ea1ng v\u1ea9y(flake), d\u00f9ng kho\u1ea3ng 1% kh\u00e1ng sinh v\u00e0 tr\u1ed9n 1 c\u00e1ch c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn and. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n b\u1ecf \u0111\u00f3i c\u00e1, ch\u00fang s\u1ebd \u0103n h\u1ebft h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi kh\u00e1ng sinh b\u1ecb tan ra n\u01b0\u1edbc. Kh\u00e1ng sinh th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng vi\u00ean con nh\u1ed9ng 250mg. N\u1ebfu d\u00f9ng 25g th\u1ee9c \u0103n d\u1ea1ng v\u1ea9y, m\u1ed9t vi\u00ean con nh\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1eefa cho h\u00e0ng t\u00e1 c\u00e1. Kh\u00e1ng sinh t\u1ed1t n\u00ean d\u00f9ng l\u00e0 chloromycetin (chloramphenicol). Ho\u1eb7c d\u00f9ng tetracycline. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n cho c\u00e1 \u0103n th\u1ee9c \u0103n \u0111\u00f4ng l\u1ea1nh ho\u1eb7c x\u1eaft nh\u1ecf, Th\u1eed d\u00f9ng t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 tr\u1ed9n t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 v\u1edbi th\u1ee9c \u0103n d\u1ea1ng v\u1ea9y. T\u1ed1i \u0111a ch\u1ec9 10mg kh\u00e1ng sinh\/1l n\u01b0\u1edbc. Tuy nhi\u00ean n\u1ebfu nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh do m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1ea9n ph\u1ea3i \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh l\u1ea1i ngu\u1ed3n n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n<p><strong>B\u1ec7nh l\u1ed3i v\u1ea9y<\/strong><br \/><strong>Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng: L\u1ed3i v\u1ea9y nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u00ecnh c\u00e1.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Ph\u00f9 v\u1ea9y v\u1ec1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n l\u00e0 nhi\u1ec5m tr\u00f9ng v\u1ea9y ho\u1eb7c th\u00e2n. Nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i vi khu\u1ea9n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng tr\u00ean n\u1ebfu trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ec3 nh\u1ebfch nh\u00e1c.<br \/>C\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 tr\u1ed9n kh\u00e1ng sinh v\u00e0o th\u1ee9c \u0103n. V\u1edbi th\u1ee9c \u0103n d\u1ea1ng v\u1ea9y(flake), d\u00f9ng kho\u1ea3ng 1% kh\u00e1ng sinh v\u00e0 tr\u1ed9n 1 c\u00e1ch c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n b\u1ecf \u0111\u00f3i c\u00e1, ch\u00fang s\u1ebd \u0103n h\u1ebft h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi kh\u00e1ng sinh b\u1ecb tan ra n\u01b0\u1edbc. Kh\u00e1ng sinh th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng vi\u00ean con nh\u1ed9ng 250mg. N\u1ebfu d\u00f9ng 25g th\u1ee9c \u0103n d\u1ea1ng v\u1ea9y, m\u1ed9t vi\u00ean con nh\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1eefa cho h\u00e0ng t\u00e1 c\u00e1. Kh\u00e1ng sinh t\u1ed1t n\u00ean d\u00f9ng l\u00e0 chloromycetin (chloramphenicol). Ho\u1eb7c d\u00f9ng tetracycline. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n cho c\u00e1 \u0103n th\u1ee9c \u0103n \u0111\u00f4ng l\u1ea1nh ho\u1eb7c x\u1eaft nh\u1ecf, Th\u1eed d\u00f9ng t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 tr\u1ed9n t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 v\u1edbi th\u1ee9c \u0103n d\u1ea1ng v\u1ea9y. T\u1ed1i \u0111a ch\u1ec9 10mg kh\u00e1ng sinh\/1l n\u01b0\u1edbc. Tuy nhi\u00ean n\u1ebfu nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh do m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1ea9n ph\u1ea3i \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh l\u1ea1i ngu\u1ed3n n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n<p><strong>R\u1eefa \u0111u\u00f4i v\u00e0 r\u1eefa v\u00e2y<\/strong><br \/><strong>Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng: ho\u1ea1i t\u1eed v\u00e2y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eadn g\u1ed1c v\u00e2y, l\u1ed9 tia v\u00e2y, ch\u1ea3y m\u00e1u \u1edf r\u00eca v\u00e2y, v\u00f9ng quanh g\u1ed1c v\u00e2y b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecf, lo\u00e9t da v\u1edbi r\u00eca x\u00e1m ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecf, m\u1eaft \u0111\u1ee5c.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0110u\u00f4i v\u00e0 v\u00e2y r\u1eefa do nhi\u1ec5n tr\u00f9ng \u0111u\u00f4i v\u00e0 v\u00e2y, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 do m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u01b0\u1edbc k\u00e9m , ho\u1eb7c b\u1ecb c\u00e1 kh\u00e1c r\u1ec9a. N\u1ebfu \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n b\u1ec3 ko t\u1ed1t, nhi\u1ec5m tr\u00f9ng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n \u1edf m\u1ed9t v\u1ebft th\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u1ecf tr\u00ean v\u00e2y ho\u1eb7c \u0111u\u00f4i. Tuberculosis (b\u1ec7nh nhi\u1ec5m khu\u1ea9n l\u00e0m hao m\u00f2n d\u1ea7n s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe) c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn r\u1eefa v\u00e2y v\u00e0 \u0111u\u00f4i. V\u1ec1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n, ph\u1ea7n v\u00e2y ho\u1eb7c \u0111u\u00f4i b\u1ecb nh\u1ea1t m\u00e0u ho\u1eb7c r\u1eefa th\u00e0nh m\u1ea3nh nh\u1ecf.Theo th\u1eddi gian v\u00f9ng b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m ch\u1eadm r\u00e3i lan r\u1ed9ng ra.<br \/>\u0110\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n, sau \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1eefa tr\u1ecb ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi ch\u1eefa tr\u1ecb ngu\u1ed3n n\u01b0\u1edbc ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1 v\u1edbi kh\u00e1ng sinh. N\u1ebfu cho kh\u00e1ng sinh v\u00e0o ngu\u1ed3n n\u01b0\u1edbc, d\u00f9ng 20-30mg\/1l. \u00a0C\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 tr\u1ed9n kh\u00e1ng sinh v\u00e0o th\u1ee9c \u0103n. V\u1edbi th\u1ee9c \u0103n d\u1ea1ng v\u1ea9y(flake), d\u00f9ng kho\u1ea3ng 1% kh\u00e1ng sinh v\u00e0 tr\u1ed9n 1 c\u00e1ch c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n b\u1ecf \u0111\u00f3i c\u00e1, ch\u00fang s\u1ebd \u0103n h\u1ebft h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi kh\u00e1ng sinh b\u1ecb tan ra n\u01b0\u1edbc. Kh\u00e1ng sinh th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng vi\u00ean con nh\u1ed9ng 250mg. N\u1ebfu d\u00f9ng 25g th\u1ee9c \u0103n d\u1ea1ng v\u1ea9y, m\u1ed9t vi\u00ean con nh\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1eefa cho h\u00e0ng t\u00e1 c\u00e1. Kh\u00e1ng sinh t\u1ed1t n\u00ean d\u00f9ng l\u00e0 chloromycetin (chloramphenicol). Ho\u1eb7c d\u00f9ng tetracycline. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n cho c\u00e1 \u0103n th\u1ee9c \u0103n \u0111\u00f4ng l\u1ea1nh ho\u1eb7c x\u1eaft nh\u1ecf, Th\u1eed d\u00f9ng t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 tr\u1ed9n t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 v\u1edbi th\u1ee9c \u0103n d\u1ea1ng v\u1ea9y. T\u1ed1i \u0111a ch\u1ec9 10mg kh\u00e1ng sinh\/1l n\u01b0\u1edbc. Tuy nhi\u00ean n\u1ebfu nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh do m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1ea9n ph\u1ea3i \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh l\u1ea1i ngu\u1ed3n n\u01b0\u1edbc<\/p>\n<p><strong>B\u1ec7nh do khu\u1ea9n Vibriosis \u1edf c\u00e1<\/strong><br \/><strong>Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng: L\u1edd \u0111\u1edd, c\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1edf (th\u1edf nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng), bi\u1ebfng \u0103n, lo\u00e9t da, v\u00e0 ch\u1ebft.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Vibrio l\u00e0 c\u00e1c d\u00f2ng khu\u1ea9n \u00e2m t\u00ednh t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eb7n ho\u1eb7c n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1ee3, bao g\u1ed3m 70 ho\u1eb7c h\u01a1n c\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn th\u1ec3 kh\u00e1c nhau. B\u1ec7nh do khu\u1ea9n Vibriosis \u1edf c\u00e1 do nhi\u1ec1u d\u00f2ng khu\u1ea9n Vibrio g\u00e2y ra, \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 <em>Vibrio anguillarum<\/em>,<em>V. ordalii<\/em>,\u00a0<em>V. damsela<\/em>, and\u00a0<em>V. salmonicida<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p>B\u1ec7nh do khu\u1ea9n Vibriosis \u1edf c\u00e1 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t \u1edf \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt bi\u1ec3n ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1 n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1ee3, d\u00f9 th\u1ec9nh tho\u1ea3ng c\u00f3 th\u1ebf t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y \u1edf m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u00e0i v\u1eadt nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1edbi. C\u00e1 b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m khu\u1ea9n qua v\u1ebft th\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1edf ho\u1eb7c \u0103n x\u00e1c c\u00e1 ch\u1ebft b\u1edfi b\u1ec7nh n\u00e0y. Xu\u1ea5t huy\u1ebft b\u1eafc \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ecf ho\u1eb7c s\u1ecdc m\u00e1u d\u1edbi b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t da, sau th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed1m \u0111\u1ecf tr\u00ean b\u1ee5ng ho\u1eb7c b\u00ean m\u00ecnh c\u00e1. V\u1ebft b\u1ea7m ph\u00e1t th\u00e0nh v\u1ebft lo\u00e9t v\u00e0 bung m\u1ee7 m\u00e1u. C\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ee5c m\u1eaft d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1ed3i m\u1eaft ho\u1eb7c m\u00f9 m\u1eaft.<\/p>\n<p>B\u1ec7nh do nhi\u1ec5n vibriosis \u1edf c\u00e1 th\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n r\u1ea5t nhanh. H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1 nhi\u1ec5m b\u1ec7nh ch\u1ebft ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i l\u00e0 lo\u00e9t da, v\u00e0 th\u1ec9nh tho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1 ch\u1ebft tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u n\u00e0o.<\/p>\n<p>C\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p kh\u00e1ng sinh qua \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng mi\u1ec7ng. Kanamycin l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t, chloramphenicol ho\u1eb7c furazolidone c\u0169ng kh\u00e1 t\u1ed1t. Khi \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb b\u1eb1ng kh\u00e1ng sinh, n\u00ean \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb \u1edf b\u1ec3 c\u00e1ch ly h\u01a1n l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3u tr\u1ecb \u1edf b\u1ec3 ch\u00ednh. L\u00fd do l\u00e0 kh\u00e1ng sinh s\u1ebd l\u00e0m h\u1ea1i l\u1ecdc vi sinh \u1edf b\u00ea ch\u00ednh, \u0111\u1ea3o ng\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0o tu\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n nitrite v\u00e0 \u00a0l\u00e0m t\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nitrite v\u00e0 ammonia ch\u1ec9 sau v\u00e0i ng\u00e0y.<\/p>\n<p><strong>L\u01b0u \u00fd:<\/strong>\u00a0Con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nhi\u1ec5m khu\u1ea9n Vibrio ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi c\u00e1 b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m b\u1ec7nh. C\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e2y nhi\u1ec5m qua khi n\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m khu\u1ea9n ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi v\u1ebft c\u1eaft ho\u1eb7c v\u1ebft th\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1edf tr\u00ean da Vi khu\u1ea9n n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 trong b\u1ec3 c\u00e1,b\u1ec3 b\u01a1i ho\u1eb7c trong n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n.<\/p>\n<p>L\u00e2y nhi\u1ec5m Vibrio r\u1ea5t hi\u1ebfm th\u1ea5y \u1edf M\u1ef9. Cholera c\u00f3 l\u1ebd l\u00e0 b\u1ec7nh \u0111c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t b\u1edfi nhi\u1ec5m khu\u1ea9n vibrio. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi nhi\u1ec5m cholera th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 c\u00e1c tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng nh\u01b0 ti\u00eau ch\u1ea3y ho\u1eb7c n\u00f4n m\u1eeda. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1edbi s\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00e1ng th\u1ea5p g\u1eb7p nhi\u1ec1u nguy c\u01a1 h\u01a1n th\u1eadm ch\u1ec9 t\u1eed vong v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i d\u00f2ng Vibrio nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Protozoan Diseases (b\u1ec7nh do khu\u1ea9n nguy\u00ean sinh)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>B\u1ec7nh l\u00f4ng nhung, b\u1ec7nh b\u1ee5i v\u00e0ng (this is either\u00a0<em>Oodinium pilularis<\/em>\u00a0or\u00a0<em>Oodinium limneticum<\/em>)<\/strong><br \/><strong>Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng: c\u00f3 l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 nh\u01b0 b\u1ee5i m\u00e0u v\u00e0ng t\u1edbi n\u00e2u nh\u1ea1t tr\u00ean th\u00e2n, k\u1eb9p v\u00e2y, kh\u00f3 th\u1edf (mang \u0111\u1eadp nhanh) m\u1eaft \u0111\u1ee5c ng\u00e0u, nh\u00ecn ch\u1eb1m ch\u1eb1m v\u00e0o c\u00e2y ho\u1eb7c n\u1ec1n, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ee5t th\u1ec3 tr\u1ecdng.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>B\u1ec7nh nhung \u1edf c\u00e1 n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ecdt do\u00a0<em>Oodinium pilularis<\/em>\u00a0ho\u1eb7c\u00a0<em>Oodinium limneticum g\u00e2y n\u00ean<\/em>, ch\u00fang l\u00e0 k\u00fd sinh tr\u00f9ng da h\u00ecnh roi. V\u1eadt k\u00fd sinh n\u00e0y b\u01a1i trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u01b0\u1edbc cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi t\u00ecm \u0111c c\u00e1 th\u1ec3 c\u00e1 \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00e1m v\u00e0o.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>Oodinium pilularis<\/em>\u00a0(hay \u0111c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi t\u00ean \u201cIch\u201d Ichthyophthirius multifiliis) \u0103n l\u1edbp m\u00f4 t\u1ebf b\u00e0o da v\u00e0 v\u00e2y b\u1eb1ng l\u1edbp m\u00e0ng nh\u1ea7y \u1edf mi\u1ec7ng ch\u00fang. K\u00fd sinh tr\u00f9ng sau khi tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh s\u1ebd r\u1eddi kh\u1ecfi v\u1eadt ch\u1ee7 v\u00e0 r\u01a1i xu\u1ed1ng l\u1edbp n\u1ec1n ho\u1eb7c. Sau \u0111\u00f3 n\u00f3 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh nang trong \u0111\u00f3 ph\u00e2n chua th\u00e0nh 34-64 t\u1ebf b\u00e0o m\u1edbi, r\u1ed3i ph\u00f3ng th\u00edch ch\u00fang ra m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm v\u1eadt ch\u1ee7.<\/li>\n<li><em>Oodinium limneticum<\/em>th\u00ec t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1, nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t da ho\u1eb7c v\u00e2y h\u01a1n l\u00e0 \u1ea9n d\u01b0\u1edbi l\u1edbp m\u00f4 t\u1ebf b\u00e0o, n\u00ean ch\u00fang hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n ngay tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t. Ch\u00fang ph\u00e2n b\u00e0o ngay tr\u00ean v\u1eadt ch\u1ee7 ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e1y b\u1ec3 hay c\u00e2y.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>B\u1ec7nh n\u00e0y b\u1ec1 ngo\u00e0i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp b\u1ee5i v\u00e0ng ho\u1eb7c n\u00e2u tr\u00ean da ho\u1eb7c v\u1ea3y. C\u00e1 nhi\u1ec5m b\u1ec7nh c\u00f3 bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n hung h\u0103ng nh\u01b0 nh\u00ecn ch\u1eb1m ch\u1eb1m v\u00e0o c\u00e1c v\u1eadt trong b\u1ec3 c\u00e1, th\u1edf d\u1ed1c , v\u00e0 b\u1ecb k\u1eb9p v\u00e2y. Ph\u1ea7n mang c\u00e1 th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 n\u01a1i b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean. B\u1ec7nh nhung l\u00e2y nhi\u1ec5m c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i kh\u00e1c nhau theo nh\u1eefng c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c nhau. C\u00e1 x\u00e0m c\u00f3 v\u1ebb d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m b\u1ec7nh nh\u1ea5t, nh\u01b0ng th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n b\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh. B\u1ec7nh n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t d\u1ec5 l\u00e2y v\u1edbi t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 t\u1eed vong cao.<\/p>\n<p>C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1eefa kh\u1ecfi \u1edf b\u1ec3 c\u00e1ch ly l\u1eabn b\u1ec3 ch\u00ednh. C\u00e1ch ch\u1eefa t\u1ed1t l\u00e0 d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng sun-phat v\u1edbi t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 0.2 mg tr\u00ean 1 l\u00edt n\u01b0\u1edbc, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng li\u1ec1u nh\u1eafc l\u1ea1i 1 l\u1ea7n duy nh\u1ea5t trong v\u00e0i ng\u00e0y n\u1ebfu c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft. Aquarisol l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c d\u1ea1ng n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00ecm \u0111c \u1edf c\u00e1c h\u00e0ng c\u00e1 c\u1ea3nh. Acriflavine (trypaflavine) c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng thay th\u1ebf v\u1edbi t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 1ml\/1l n\u01b0\u1edbc. C\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i l\u01b0u \u00fd r\u1eb1ng g\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed3ng trong thu\u1ed1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9c cho c\u00e1, ph\u1ea3i thay n\u01b0\u1edbc sau khi k\u1ebft th\u00fac ch\u1eefa tr\u1ecb.<\/p>\n<p><strong>B\u1ec7nh nhung \u1edf c\u00e1 bi\u1ec3n\u00a0<em>(Oodinium ocellatum)<\/em><\/strong><strong><br \/><\/strong><strong>(Syn:\u00a0<em>Amyloodinium ocellatum<\/em>\u00a0or\u00a0<em>Branchiophilus maris<\/em>). C\u0169ng c\u00f3 t\u00ean l\u00e0 b\u1ec7nh r\u1eb7ng san h\u00f4.<\/strong><br \/><strong>Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng: xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n b\u1ee5i tr\u1eafng ho\u1eb7c v\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebfn n\u00e2u nh\u1ea1t tr\u00ean th\u00e2n, h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p kh\u00f3 kh\u1eafn (th\u1edf nhanh \u2013 mang \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1edf h\u01a1n 80 l\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t ph\u00fat), bi\u1ebfng \u0103n, c\u1ecd ho\u1eb7c ch\u00e0 x\u00e1t v\u00e0o n\u1ec1n ho\u1eb7c v\u1eadt \u00a0th\u1ec3 trong b\u1ec3.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>B\u1ec7nh nhung bi\u1ec3n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng b\u1ec7nh ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t trong b\u1ec3 c\u00e1 n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eb7n, g\u00e2y ra b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t loaijIch bi\u1ec3n. Lo\u00e0i n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y \u1edf m\u1ecdi \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh cho c\u00e1 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean ho\u1eb7c m\u1edbi \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1eaft. B\u1ec7nh nhung \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eb7n g\u00e2y ra b\u1edfi\u00a0<em>Oodinium ocellatum<\/em>, (syn:\u00a0<em>Amyloodinium ocellatum<\/em>\u00a0or\u00a0<em>Branchiophilus maris<\/em>), l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u00e0i k\u00fd sinh h\u00ecnh roi. B\u1ec7nh n\u00e0y ti\u1ebfn tri\u1ec3n nhanh ch\u00f3ng v\u00e0 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng g\u00e2y t\u1eed vong h\u00e0ng lo\u1ea1t. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean n\u00f3 x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o mang c\u00e1 nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng b\u00e1m v\u00e0o m\u00ecnh c\u00e1, \u1ea9n s\u00e2u d\u01b0\u1edbi l\u1edbp m\u00f4 t\u1ebf b\u00e0o da. Vi\u1ec7c can thi\u1ec7p v\u00e0o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft cho c\u00e1 . B\u1ec7nh n\u00e0y d\u1ec5 l\u00e2y lan v\u1edbi t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 t\u1eed vong cao.<\/p>\n<p>B\u1ec7nh n\u00e0y \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb b\u1eb1ng h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t c\u00f3 bao g\u1ed3m \u0111\u1ed3ng (\u0111\u1ed3ng sunphat)\u00a0 theo ch\u1ec9 d\u1eabn c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. Nh\u00ecn chung vi\u1ec7c ch\u1eefa tr\u1ecb bao g\u1ed3m duy tr\u00ec h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ed3ng trong n\u01b0\u1edbc theo t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 12 \u0111\u1ebfn 18 mg\/L trong 21 ng\u00e0y, t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 n\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1ec3 c\u00e1ch ly \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1eefa tr\u1ecb. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean l\u00e0 duy tr\u00ec h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng mu\u1ed1i th\u1ea5p trong b\u1ec3 c\u00e1ch ly b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch h\u1ea1 n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 mu\u1ed1i xu\u1ed1ng 1.009 \u2013 1.010 \u00a0trong 10 ng\u00e0y. M\u1ed1i nguy hi\u1ec3m khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh l\u1ea1i n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 mu\u1ed1i l\u00ean cao h\u01a1n cho c\u00e1. B\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng mu\u1ed1i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u00e0 t\u0103ng v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 r\u1ea5t ch\u1eadm.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Brooklynellosis \u2013 B\u1ec7nh c\u00e1 h\u1ec1 (Brooklynella hostilis)<\/strong><br \/><strong>Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng: bi\u1ebfng \u0103n, xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n th\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ed5n tr\u00ean th\u00e2n, tr\u00f3c v\u1ea9y, t\u0103ng ti\u1ebft ch\u1ea5t nh\u1eddn th\u00e2n (tu\u1ed9t nh\u1edbt), h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p n\u1eb7ng n\u1ec1, li\u00ean t\u1ee5c c\u1ecd xu\u1ed1ng n\u1ec1n.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Brooklynellosis g\u00e2y ra b\u1edfi k\u00fd sinh tr\u00f9ng nguy\u00ean sinh t\u00ean l\u00e0 Brooklynella hostilis. B\u1ec7nh n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1 h\u1ec1, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i c\u00e1 kh\u00e1c c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u1eafc b\u1ec7nh. Lo\u00e0i k\u00fd sinh n\u00e0y l\u00e2y nhi\u1ec5m qua mang v\u00e0 th\u00e2n v\u00e0 gi\u1ebft ch\u1ebft c\u00e1 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch nhanh ch\u00f3ng, c\u00e1 th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ecd ph\u1ea7n b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m b\u1ec7nh li\u00ean t\u1ee5c xu\u1ed1ng n\u1ec1n. Mang b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m b\u1ec7nh khi\u1ebfn c\u00e1 th\u1edf n\u1eb7ng nh\u1ecdc v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1edbp kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1edf. C\u00e1 s\u1ebd ch\u1ebft sau kho\u1ea3ng 30 ti\u1ebfng t\u1eeb khi nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n \u0111c b\u1ec7nh n\u00e0y. D\u1ea7u hi\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh l\u00e0 bi\u1ebfng \u0103n. V\u00e0i ch\u1ee7ng m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1ed1m tr\u1eafng ho\u1eb7c b\u1ec7nh Crypt c\u00f3 tri\u1ec7u tr\u1ee9ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 Brooklynella.<\/p>\n<p>Foc-m\u00f4n v\u00e0 kho\u00e1ng xanh l\u00e0 hai ho\u1ea1t ch\u1ea5t d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1eefa tr\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh n\u00e0y. (\u0110o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y em ch\u1ecbu)One is a dip with 10 times the dose and one is as directed on the bottle to treat the entire quarantine tank. N\u00ean duy tr\u00ec n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 mu\u1ed1i \u1edf m\u1ee9c 1.009 trong su\u1ed1t th\u1eddi gian \u0111i\u1ec3u tr\u1ecb b\u1eb1ng Foc-m\u00f4n. \u0110\u1ed3ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u1edbi Brooklynella.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Costia<\/strong><br \/><strong>Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng: v\u00f9ng m\u00e0u tr\u1eafng s\u1eefa tr\u00ean th\u00e2n.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ec7nh do khu\u1ea9n nguy\u00ean sinh hi\u1ebfm g\u1eb7p g\u00e2y ra kho\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ee5c tr\u00ean th\u00e2n. C\u00e1ch ch\u1eefa t\u1ed1t l\u00e0 d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng sun-phat v\u1edbi t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 0.2 mg tr\u00ean 1 l\u00edt n\u01b0\u1edbc, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng li\u1ec1u nh\u1eafc l\u1ea1i 1 l\u1ea7n duy nh\u1ea5t trong v\u00e0i ng\u00e0y n\u1ebfu c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft. Aquarisol l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c d\u1ea1ng n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00ecm \u0111c \u1edf c\u00e1c h\u00e0ng c\u00e1 c\u1ea3nh. Acriflavine (trypaflavine) c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng thay th\u1ebf v\u1edbi t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 1ml\/1l n\u01b0\u1edbc. C\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i l\u01b0u \u00fd r\u1eb1ng g\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed3ng trong thu\u1ed1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9c cho c\u00e1, ph\u1ea3i thay n\u01b0\u1edbc sau khi k\u1ebft th\u00fac ch\u1eefa tr\u1ecb.<br \/>N\u00e2ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 l\u00ean 80\u00b0 \u2013 83\u00b0 F ( 26,7\u00b0 \u2013 28,3\u00b0 C) trong v\u00e0i ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Hexamita<\/strong><br \/><strong>Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng: tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean l\u00e0 t\u0103ng ti\u1ebft nh\u1ea7y (tu\u1ed9t nh\u1edbt), ph\u00e2n nh\u1ea7y m\u00e0u tr\u1eafng \u00a0trong khi v\u1eabn \u0103n u\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng. Sau \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1 s\u1ebd tr\u1ed1n trong g\u00f3c v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00fai xu\u1ed1ng, ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ph\u00eda tr\u00ean m\u1eaft m\u1ecfng \u0111i v\u00e0 \u0111en s\u1ea1m, c\u00e1 b\u01a1i th\u1ee5t l\u00f9i.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Hexamita l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i k\u00fd sinh tr\u00f9ng nguy\u00ean sinh t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng ph\u1ea7n ru\u1ed9t sau c\u1ee7a c\u00e1. C\u00e1 \u0111\u0129a v\u00e0 c\u00e1c d\u00f2ng c\u00e1 h\u1ecd ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebf l\u1edbn \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 Oscars l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00e2y nhi\u1ec5m ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a Hexamita. C\u00e1 n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eb7n \u0111\u00f4i khi c\u0169ng b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m v\u00ec \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 b\u1ec7nh \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u00eau h\u00f3a, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m cho c\u00e1 bi\u1ebfng \u0103n v\u00e0 g\u1ea7y m\u00f2n.<\/p>\n<p>C\u00e1ch ch\u1eefa hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 d\u00f9ng thu\u1ed1c metronidazole. Metronidazole l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i kh\u00e1ng sinh cho vi khu\u1ea9n k\u1ef5 kh\u00ed v\u1edbi \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh kh\u00e1ng khu\u1ea9n nguy\u00ean sinh. Thu\u1ed1c n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u00f2a v\u00e0o n\u01b0\u1edbc ho\u1eb7n tr\u1ed9n v\u00e0o th\u1ee9c \u0103n cho c\u00e1. Metronidazole ch\u1ef1n \u0111\u1ee9ng s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a vi khu\u1ea9n v\u00e0 khu\u1ea9n nguy\u00ean sinh. M\u1ed9t v\u00e0i s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m s\u1eb5n c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a metronidazole bao g\u1ed3m Seachem Metronidazole, Seachem AquaZole, Thomas Laboratories\u2019 Fish Zole v\u00e0 National Fish Pharmaceutical\u2019s Metro-Pro.<br \/>\u0110i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb song song c\u1ea3 b\u1eb1ng th\u1ee9c \u0103n (1% l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ee9c \u0103n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1) l\u1eabn h\u00f2a tan v\u00e0o n\u01b0\u1edbc (12mg m\u1ed7i l\u00edt). Repeat the water treatment every other day for three treatments. And effective treatment is with Seachem\u2019s Metronidazole.<\/p>\n<p>(B\u1ec7nh n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng hay b\u1ecb nh\u1ea7m v\u1edbi b\u1ec7nh\u00a0Head and Lateral Line Erosion (HLLE), Th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 b\u1ec7nh \u201cl\u1ed7 \u1edf tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea7u\u201d, b\u1edfi v\u00ec c\u00e1 th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecb m\u1eafc c\u1ea3 2 b\u1ec7nh n\u00e0y c\u00f9ng l\u00fac. B\u1ec7nh HLLE v\u00e0 b\u1ec7nh m\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng vi\u1ec1n th\u00e2n c\u00f3 bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n l\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n l\u1ed7 tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0 m\u1eb7t. \u0110\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 b\u1ec7nh k\u00fd sinh, nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 th\u01b0\u1eddng do \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00e9m.).<\/p>\n<p><strong>Ich \u2013 Ick \u2013 B\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1ed1m tr\u1eafng (Ichthyophthirius multifiliis)<\/strong><br \/><strong>Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng: H\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng h\u1ea1t mu\u1ed1i tr\u00ean th\u00e2n ho\u1eb7c v\u00e2y.\u00a0 Tu\u1ed9t nh\u1edbt. C\u00f3 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p (ich x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp mang), k\u1eb9p v\u00e2y, bi\u1ebfng \u0103n.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Ich, Ick, ho\u1eb7c b\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1ed1m tr\u1eafng l\u00e0 b\u1ec7nh ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t \u1edf b\u1ec3 c\u00e1 gia \u0111\u00ecnh. May m\u1eafn thay, B\u1ec7nh n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t d\u1ec5 tr\u1ecb n\u1ebfu ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00fang l\u00fac! Ich l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t khu\u1ea9n nguy\u00ean sinh t\u00ean l\u00e0 Ichthyophthirius multifiliis. C\u00f3 3 giai \u0111o\u1ea1n trong v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a khu\u1ea9n n\u00e0y. B\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u01a1i c\u00e1 nghi\u1ec7p d\u01b0, v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng quan tr\u1ecdng. Tuy nhi\u00ean, do b\u1ec7nh n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 d\u1ec5 tr\u1ecb trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi, vi\u1ec7c l\u01b0u \u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi l\u00e0 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh \u2013 khu\u1ea9n b\u00e1m v\u00e0o da ho\u1eb7c mang c\u00e1, l\u00e0m c\u00e1 tr\u1edf n\u00ean hung h\u0103ng (c\u00e1 c\u00f3 bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n hung h\u0103n) v\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n u nh\u1ecf m\u00e0u tr\u1eafng. K\u00fd sinh tr\u00f9ng sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0103n t\u1ebf b\u00e0o h\u1ed3ng c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 t\u1ebf b\u00e0o da. Sau v\u00e0i ng\u00e0y, n\u00f3 r\u1eddi kh\u1ecfi v\u1eadt ch\u1ee7 v\u00e0 r\u01a1i xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00e1y b\u1ec3 c\u00e1.<\/li>\n<li>Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n nang \u2013 sau khi r\u01a1i xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00e1y, k\u00fd sinh tr\u00f9ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh nang v\u00e0 nhanh ch\u00f3ng ph\u00e2n b\u00e0o<\/li>\n<li>Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n b\u01a1i t\u1ef1 do \u2013 sau khi t\u1ea1o nang, kho\u1ea3ng 1000 con non b\u01a1i l\u00ean tr\u00ean (nang n\u1eb1m d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e1y b\u1ec3) \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm v\u1eadt ch\u1ee7. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y v\u1eadt ch\u1ee7 trong v\u00f2ng 2 \u0111\u1ebfn 3 ng\u00e0y, k\u00fd sinh tr\u00f9ng s\u1ebd ch\u1ebft. M\u1ed9t khi t\u00ecm \u0111c v\u1eadt ch\u1ee7, m\u1ed9t v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi m\u1edbi l\u1ea1i b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>3 giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y m\u1ea5t 4 tu\u1ea7n \u1edf 70\u00b0 F(21,1<sup>o <\/sup>C) nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ec9 trong 5 ng\u00e0y \u1edf 80\u00b0 F(26,7<sup>o <\/sup>C). V\u00ec l\u00fd do n\u00e0y \u00a0n\u00ean n\u00e2ng nhieetk \u0111\u1ed9 n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00ean kho\u1ea3ng 80\u00b0 F(26,7<sup>o <\/sup>C ) \u0111\u1ec3 r\u00fat ng\u1eafn th\u1eddi gian tr\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh. N\u1ebfu c\u00e1 ch\u1ecbu \u0111c n\u00ean n\u00e2ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ebfn 85\u00b0F(29,4<sup>o <\/sup>C).<\/p>\n<p>Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n b\u01a1i t\u1ef1 do l\u00e0 l\u00fac t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ecb b\u1eb1ng h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t. N\u00e2ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00ean kho\u1ea3ng 27<sup>o <\/sup>C \u0111\u1ec3 giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y nhanh di\u1ec5n ra. N\u00ean d\u00f9ng quinine hydrochloride( google th\u00ec ra thu\u1ed1c ch\u1eefa s\u1ed1t r\u00e9t d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng vi\u00ean n\u00e9n 300mg) \u1edf 30 mg m\u1ed9t l\u00edt. Quinine sulphate c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng t\u00ecm \u0111c quinine hydrochloride. N\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ee5c nh\u01b0ng s\u1ebd trong tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch r\u00fat ng\u1eafn th\u1eddi gian (t\u0103ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 n\u01b0\u1edbc) c\u1ee7a giai \u0111o\u1ea1n, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh \u1edf giai \u0111o\u1ea1n b\u01a1i t\u1ef1 do m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n<p><strong>B\u1ec7nh c\u00e1 neon<\/strong><br \/><strong>Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng: v\u00f9ng b\u1ea1c m\u00e0u s\u00e2u trong th\u1ecbt c\u00e1. Teo c\u01a1 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn b\u01a1i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>B\u1ec7nh \u0111c \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean theo lo\u00e0i c\u00e1 \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n b\u1ec7nh, c\u00e1 neon. N\u00f3 g\u00e2y n\u00ean b\u1edfi k\u00fd sinh tr\u00f9ng nguy\u00ean sinh Plistophora hyphessobryconis. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 n\u00f3 \u0111c \u0111\u1eb7t theo t\u00ean c\u00e1 Neon, n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nhi\u1ec5m v\u00e0o c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i c\u00e1 kh\u00e1c. V\u00f9ng tr\u1eafng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n ngay b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi da. Vi sinh v\u1eadt n\u00e0y t\u1ea1o nang v\u00e0 v\u1ee1 ra gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng b\u00e0o t\u1eed. C\u00e1c b\u00e0o t\u1eed n\u00e0y x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp s\u00e2u h\u01a1n v\u00e0 v\u00e0o t\u1ea1o th\u00eam nhi\u1ec1u nang. Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, b\u00e0o t\u1eed di c\u01b0 sang n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 \u0111c c\u00e1 \u0103n c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi th\u1ee9c \u0103n th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng. B\u00e0o t\u1eed di c\u01b0 sang \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u00eau h\u00f3a, sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u1ea7n c\u01a1 th\u1ecbt, v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1eddi m\u1edbi l\u1ea1i b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u.<br \/>B\u1ec7nh kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00e1ch tr\u1ecb. T\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t n\u00ean ti\u00eau h\u1ee7y c\u00e1 b\u1ec7nh v\u00e0 l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch b\u1ec3 c\u00e1.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Glugea v\u00e0 Henneguya<\/strong><br \/><strong>Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng: t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 v\u1edbi Lymphocystis, xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n s\u01b0ng t\u1ea5y k\u00e8m theo n\u1ed1t tr\u1eafng nh\u1ecf tr\u00ean th\u00e2n ho\u1eb7c v\u00e2y.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Glugea v\u00e0 Henneguya l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean sinh v\u1eadt t\u1ea1o nang l\u1edbn tr\u00ean th\u00e2n c\u00e1 v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng b\u00e0o t\u1eed. May m\u1eafn l\u00e0 hai b\u1ec7nh n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t hi\u1ebfm g\u1eb7p. C\u00e1 m\u1eb7c b\u1ec7nh th\u00e2n b\u1ecb s\u01b0ng ph\u1ed3ng b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng kh\u1ed1i u, v\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng l\u00e0 ch\u1ebft.<br \/>Ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 c\u00e1ch ch\u1eefa. T\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t n\u00ean ti\u00eau h\u1ee7y c\u00e1 b\u1ec7nh tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi b\u00e0o t\u1eed ph\u00e1t t\u00e1n.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Chilodonella<\/strong><br \/><strong>Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng: M\u00e0u nh\u1ee3t nh\u1ea1t do tu\u1ed9t nh\u1edbt, t\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e2y, y\u1ebfu \u1edbt, t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng mang.\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>B\u1ec7nh n\u00e0y g\u00e2y n\u00ean kho\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ee5c m\u00e0u tr\u1eafng xanh tr\u00ean th\u00e2n g\u00e2y t\u1ed5n h\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ebfn mang c\u00e1. Sau \u0111\u00f3 da c\u00e1 b\u1ecb bung ra v\u00e0 th\u1ed1i mang. Ca c\u00f3 bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n hung h\u0103ng, b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch nh\u00ecn ch\u1eb1m ch\u1eb1m v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng v\u1eadt th\u1ec3 trong b\u1ec3 c\u00e1, ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb k\u1eb9p v\u00e2y ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f3 th\u1edf.<br \/>C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng Acriflavine (trypaflavine) \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1eefa v\u1edbi t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 5 ml m\u1ed9t l\u00edt n\u01b0\u1edbc. Do acriflavine c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng kh\u1eed tr\u00f9ng c\u00e1, n\u00ean thay n\u01b0\u1edbc sau khi ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t ch\u1eefa tr\u1ecb.<\/p>\n<p><strong>African Bloat\u00a0\u2013 \u201cMalawi Bloat\u201d<\/strong><br \/><strong>Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng: tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean l\u00e0 bi\u1ebfng \u0103n k\u00e8m theo sau l\u00e0 s\u01b0ng b\u1ee5ng which, kh\u00f3 th\u1edf, b\u01a1 ph\u1edd, tr\u1ed1n tr\u00e1nh, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n s\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ecf tr\u00ean th\u00e2n, v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n s\u1ee3i.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00e1ch gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch h\u1ee3p l\u00fd n\u00e0o cho b\u1ec7nh n\u00e0y. M\u1ed9t khi c\u00e1 b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m b\u1ec7nh, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1eed vong l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t cao. C\u00e1 b\u1ecf \u0103n ph\u1ea3i \u0111c ch\u1eefa tr\u1ecb ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c ho\u1eb7c n\u00f3 s\u1ebd nhanh ch\u00f3ng tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh v\u00f4 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee9u ch\u1eefa v\u00e0 ch\u1ebft. D\u00f9 ko ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 b\u1ec7nh g\u00ec, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta tin r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 do k\u00fd sinh tr\u00f9ng nguy\u00ean sinh bi\u1ebfn ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec5m tr\u00f9ng. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 b\u1ec7nh nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1 h\u1ecd ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebf ch\u00e2u Phi \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng con \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb h\u1ed3 Malawi,<\/p>\n<p>Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh n\u00e0y l\u00e0 stress v\u00e0 bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean l\u00e0 b\u1ecf \u0103n. Stress c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra b\u01a1i qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n, \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1eaft, ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc, ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 \u0103n ko ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p, cho \u0103n qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u, v\u00e0 thi\u1ebfu ch\u1ed7 tr\u00fa \u1ea9n cho c\u00e1. Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n kh\u00e1c, d\u1ec5 nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y h\u01a1n, l\u00e0 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 \u0103n kh\u00f4ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p ho\u1eb7c cho qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u mu\u1ed1i v\u00e0o n\u01b0\u1edbc. Ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba l\u00e0 v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng quan tr\u1ecdng, c\u00e1 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111c ch\u1eefa kh\u1ecfi n\u1ebfu \u0111c ch\u1eefa tr\u1ecb l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c.<\/p>\n<p>L\u00e0m theo nh\u1eefng b\u01b0\u1edbc sau \u0111\u00e2y:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>B\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 lo\u1ea1i c\u00e1 n\u00e0o b\u1ea1n m\u1edbi c\u00f3 \u0111c \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nhi\u1ec5m b\u1ec7nh ho\u1eb7c ph\u00e1t b\u1ec7nh sau \u0111\u00f3. Sau khi mua nh\u1edb cung c\u1ea5p \u0111\u00fang lo\u1ea1i th\u1ee9c \u0103n m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00e1n c\u00e1 \u0111ang cho \u0103n, sau \u0111\u00f3 chuy\u1ec3n d\u1ea7n sang ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 \u0103n g\u1ed1c th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt; T\u1ea3o xo\u1eafn d\u1ea1ng vi\u00ean ho\u1eb7c v\u1ea9y.<\/li>\n<li>M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ng\u00e2m th\u1ee9c \u0103n v\u00e0o dung d\u1ecbch metronidazol v\u00e0 cho \u0103n trong v\u00e0i ng\u00e0y sau khi mua. Seachem c\u00f3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t metronidazol ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi tr\u1ed9n v\u00e0o th\u1ee9c \u0103n .<\/li>\n<li>M\u1ed9t kh\u1ea9u ph\u1ea7n \u0103n g\u1ed1c th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt t\u1ed1t r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng.<\/li>\n<li>B\u1ed9t \u0111\u00e0n c\u00e1 kh\u1ecfe m\u1ea1nh r\u1ea5t h\u00e1u \u0103n. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 r\u1ea5t n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi nu\u00f4i quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i kh\u00f4ng cho ch\u00fang \u0103n qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u. \u0110\u1ec3 m\u1eaft \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u00fang, m\u1ed9t khi th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n bi\u1ebfng \u0103n, tr\u1ecb c\u1ea3 b\u1ec3 b\u1eb1ng Clout.<\/li>\n<li>M\u1ed9t t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 cho bi\u1ebft h\u1ecd ssex lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c c\u00f3 b\u1ecf bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n bi\u1ebfng \u0103n v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 thay n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y trong 5 ng\u00e0y.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Metronidazol l\u00e0 thu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady nh\u1ea5t, m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Clout thay th\u1ebf, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111c d\u00f9ng c\u1ea3 2 lo\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t l\u00fac.<\/p>\n<p><strong>B\u1ec7nh k\u00fd sinh<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>R\u1eadn c\u00e1 (Argulus)<\/strong><br \/><strong>Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng: C\u00e1 t\u1ef1 c\u1ecd m\u00ecnh v\u00e0o c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed3 v\u1eadt, k\u1eb9p v\u00e2y, nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y \u0111c k\u00fd sinh tr\u00f9ng d\u00e0i kho\u1ea3ng 5mm tr\u00ean m\u00ecnh c\u00e1.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>R\u1eadn c\u00e1 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u00e0i gi\u00e1p x\u00e1c d\u1eb9t d\u00e0i kho\u1ea3ng 5mm b\u00e1m v\u00e0o m\u00ecnh c\u00e1. Ch\u00fang l\u00e0m cho v\u1eadt ch\u1ee7 tr\u1edf n\u00ean hung h\u0103ng, kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng ngh\u1ec9, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1ed9 ra v\u00f9ng t\u1ea5y n\u01a1i r\u1eadn b\u00e1m v\u00e0o.<br \/>V\u1edbi c\u00e1 l\u1edbn v\u00e0 b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m \u00edt, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1eaft r\u1eadn b\u1eb1ng k\u1eb9p. C\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p kh\u00e1c n\u00ean cho t\u1eafm 10 \u0111\u1ebfn 30 ph\u00fat v\u1edbi 10 mg tr\u00ean l\u00edt n\u01b0\u1edbc pha thu\u1ed1c t\u00edm. Ho\u1eb7c tr\u1ecb c\u1ea3 b\u1ebf v\u1edbi 2mg tr\u00ean l\u00edt, nh\u01b0ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t nh\u1ebfch nh\u00e1c v\u00e0 l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ed5i m\u00e0u n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Giun m\u1ecf neo (Lernaea)<\/strong><br \/><strong>Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng: C\u00e1 t\u1ef1 c\u1ecd m\u00ecnh v\u00e0o v\u1eadt th\u1ec3, ch\u1ec9 m\u00e0u tr\u1eafng xanh b\u00e1m tr\u00ean da c\u00e1 v\u1edbi v\u00f9ng t\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ecf t\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec3m b\u00e1m.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Giun m\u1ecf neo th\u1ef1c ra l\u00e0 lo\u00e0i gi\u00e1p x\u00e1c. Con non b\u01a1i trong n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 chui s\u00e2u v\u00e0o da, t\u1edbi t\u1eadn v\u00f9ng c\u01a1 v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0i th\u00e1ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. CH\u00fang ph\u00e1t t\u00e1n tr\u1ee9ng r\u1ed3i ch\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i l\u1ed7 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng g\u00e2y nhi\u1ec5m tr\u00f9ng.<br \/>Giun m\u1ecf neo n\u1eb1m qu\u00e1 s\u00e2u \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch an to\u00e0n. T\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t n\u00ean \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb b\u1eb1ng cho t\u1eafm 10 \u0111\u1ebfn 30 ph\u00fat v\u1edbi 10 mg tr\u00ean l\u00edt n\u01b0\u1edbc pha thu\u1ed1c t\u00edm. Ho\u1eb7c tr\u1ecb c\u1ea3 b\u1ebf v\u1edbi 2mg tr\u00ean l\u00edt, nh\u01b0ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t nh\u1ebfch nh\u00e1c v\u00e0 l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ed5i m\u00e0u n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n<p><strong>B\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1ed1m \u0111en \u2013 Black Ick (diplopstomiasis)<\/strong><br \/><strong>Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng: C\u00e1 r\u1ea5t hung h\u0103ng, t\u1ef1 c\u00f3 m\u00ecnh v\u00e0o v\u1eadt th\u1ec3, xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed1m nh\u1ecf m\u00e0u \u0111en ho\u1eb7c v\u1ec7t tr\u00ean th\u00e2n v\u00e0 quanh mi\u1ec7ng, n\u1ebfu b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m n\u1eb7ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y m\u1ea5t m\u00e1u.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0110\u1ed1m \u0111en l\u00e0 b\u1ec7nh hi\u1ebfm trong h\u1ed3 c\u00e1. N\u00f3 th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ea5y \u1edf b\u1ec3 ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t nh\u1eefng b\u1ec3 c\u00f3 b\u00f9n d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e1y, nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 do cho c\u00e1 m\u1edbi v\u00e0o b\u1ec3. C\u00e1 hay mang b\u1ec7nh n\u00e0y nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 c\u00e1 v\u00e1y b\u1ea1c, Piranha, ho\u1eb7c nh\u1eefng d\u00f2ng kh\u00e1c thu\u1ed9c h\u1ecd n\u00e0y . Nh\u00ecn chung b\u1ec7nh n\u00e0y \u00edt g\u00e2y t\u1ed5n h\u1ea1i cho c\u00e1, k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 khi nhi\u1ec5m n\u1eb7ng.<\/p>\n<p>B\u1ec7nh n\u00e0y g\u00e2y ra b\u1edfi k\u00fd sinh tr\u00f9ng (\u1ea5u tr\u00f9ng s\u00e1n l\u00e1) chui s\u00e2u v\u00e0o da c\u00e1 v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o nang l\u1edbn kho\u1ea3ng 1mm. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p nh\u1eb1m m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch sinh t\u1ed3n, c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 chim ho\u1eafc \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt \u0103n c\u00e1, \u1ed1c, ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1 \u1edf nh\u01b0ng giai \u0111o\u1ea1n kh\u00e1c nhau nhi\u1ec5m b\u1ec7nh n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n<p>B\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1ed1m \u0111en th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1ec5 tr\u1ecb. D\u00f9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ea3 mu\u1ed1i t\u1eafm l\u1eabn nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng thu\u1ed1c s\u1eb5n c\u00f3 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Ergasilus<\/strong><br \/><strong>Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng: c\u00e1 t\u1ef1 c\u1ecd m\u00ecnh v\u00e0o v\u1eadt th\u1ec3, ch\u1ec9 m\u00e0u xanh tr\u1eafng m\u1ecdc ra t\u1eeb mang c\u00e1.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>K\u00fd sinh tr\u00f9ng n\u00e0y gi\u1ed1ng giun m\u1ecf neo, nh\u01b0ng nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n v\u00e0 b\u00e1m v\u00e0o mang thay v\u00e0o da. T\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t n\u00ean \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb b\u1eb1ng cho t\u1eafm 10 \u0111\u1ebfn 30 ph\u00fat v\u1edbi 10 mg tr\u00ean l\u00edt n\u01b0\u1edbc pha thu\u1ed1c t\u00edm. Ho\u1eb7c tr\u1ecb c\u1ea3 b\u1ebf v\u1edbi 2mg tr\u00ean l\u00edt, nh\u01b0ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t nh\u1ebfch nh\u00e1c v\u00e0 l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ed5i m\u00e0u n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Giun k\u00fd sinh d\u1eb9t<\/strong><br \/><strong>Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng: C\u00e1 t\u1ef1 c\u1ecd m\u00ecnh v\u00e0o v\u1eadt th\u1ec3, mang \u0111\u1eadp nhanh, nh\u1ea7y bao ph\u1ee7 mang ho\u1eb7c th\u00e2n, mang ho\u1eb7c v\u00e2y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb \u0103n m\u1ea5t, da c\u00e1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ecf.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u lo\u00e0i giun k\u00fd sinh d\u1eb9t kh\u00e1c nhau, th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e0i kho\u1ea3ng 1mm, v\u00e0 v\u00e0i tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 quan s\u00e1t th\u1ea5y. Ch\u00fang nhi\u1ebfm v\u00e0o mang ho\u1eb7c v\u00e2y nh\u01b0 \u201cich\u201d, nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y nh\u1eefng kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t n\u1ebfu d\u00f9ng th\u1ea5u k\u00ednh c\u1ea7m tay. B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ed1m m\u1eaft c\u1ee7a sinh v\u1eadt n\u00e0y, \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 ko th\u1ea5y \u1edf \u201cich\u201d. B\u1ec7nh n\u00e0y cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng s\u1ebd h\u1ee7y ho\u1ea1i ph\u1ea7n mang v\u00e0 theo c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00f3 gi\u1ebft ch\u1ebft c\u00e1. Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c nhi\u1ec5m n\u1eb7ng l\u00e0 c\u00e1 nh\u1ee3t nh\u1ea1t v\u1edbi v\u00e2y r\u1ee7 xu\u1ed1ng, th\u1edf nhanh, nh\u00ecn ch\u1eb1m ch\u1eb1m v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ed3 trang tr\u00ed b\u1ec3 c\u00e1, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1edbng b\u1ee5ng.<br \/>T\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t n\u00ean \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb b\u1eb1ng cho t\u1eafm 10 \u0111\u1ebfn 30 ph\u00fat v\u1edbi 10 mg tr\u00ean l\u00edt n\u01b0\u1edbc pha thu\u1ed1c t\u00edm. Ho\u1eb7c tr\u1ecb c\u1ea3 b\u1ebf v\u1edbi 2mg tr\u00ean l\u00edt, nh\u01b0ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t nh\u1ebfch nh\u00e1c v\u00e0 l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ed5i m\u00e0u n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Nematoda<\/strong><br \/><strong>Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng: Giun treo \u1edf h\u1eadu m\u00f4n.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Nematodes (giun ch\u1ec9) c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nhi\u1ec5m v\u00e0o b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 \u0111\u00e2u tr\u00ean c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ec9 hi\u1ec7n ra khi ch\u00fang treo \u1edf h\u1eadu m\u00f4n. Nhi\u1ec5m b\u1ec7nh n\u1eb7ng g\u00e2y tr\u01b0\u1edbng b\u1ee5ng, b\u1ec7nh nh\u1eb9 th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng g\u00e2y \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1.<br \/>Nhanh nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 ti\u00eau h\u1ee7y c\u00e1, tuy nhi\u00ean c\u00f3 2 c\u00e1ch ch\u1eefa cho b\u1ec7nh n\u00e0y. C\u00e1ch th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t; ng\u00e2m th\u1ee9c \u0103n v\u00e0o parachlorometaxylenol v\u00e0 ng\u00e2m c\u00e1 v\u00e0o thu\u1ed1c tr\u00ean v\u1edbi t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 10 ml m\u1ed7i l\u00edt n\u01b0\u1edbc ho\u1eb7c tr\u1ecb c\u1ea3 b\u1ec3 v\u1edbi t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1. N\u00ean cho c\u00e1 t\u1eafm trong v\u00e0i ng\u00e0y. C\u00e1ch th\u1ee9 hai; t\u00ecm th\u1ee9c \u0103n c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a thiabendazole v\u00e0 hy v\u1ecdng c\u00e1 s\u1ebd \u0103n th\u1ee9c \u0103n n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0110\u1ec8a<\/strong><br \/><strong>Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng: Th\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ec9a b\u00e1m v\u00e0o da c\u00e1.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0110\u1ec9a l\u00e0 lo\u00e0i k\u00fd sinh ngo\u1ea1i b\u00e1m v\u00e0o th\u00e2n, v\u00e2y ho\u1eb7c mang c\u00e1. Th\u01b0\u1eddng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng giun h\u00ecnh tim (do \u0111\u1ec9a xo\u0103n m\u00ecnh l\u1ea1i) b\u00e1m v\u00e0o c\u00e1. Ch\u00fang th\u01b0\u1eddng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n \u1edf b\u1ec3 c\u00e1 th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e2y ho\u1eb7c \u1ed1c.<br \/>V\u00ec \u0111\u1ec9a th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u00e1m s\u00e2u v\u00e0o b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u00e1, lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf b\u1eb1ng k\u1eb9p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m c\u00e1 ch\u1ebft. N\u1ebfu cho c\u00e1 t\u1eafm v\u00e0o dung d\u1ecbch mu\u1ed1i 2,5% trong 15 ph\u00fat, h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec9a s\u1ebd r\u01a1i ra. Nh\u01b0ng con c\u00f2n b\u00e1m l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf b\u1eb1ng k\u1eb9p v\u00e0 \u00edt g\u00e2y t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u01a1n. C\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 cho Trichlorofon v\u1edbi 0.25 mg\/l v\u00e0o b\u1ec3 c\u00e1. C\u00e2y s\u1ed1ng (Live plants ??) n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf v\u00e0 tr\u1ecb v\u1edbi thu\u1ed1c t\u00edm \u1edf t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 5 mg\/l tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi tr\u1ed3ng l\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p><strong>B\u1ec7nh n\u1ea5m<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>N\u1ea5m s\u00f9i (Saprolegnia)<\/strong><br \/><strong>Symptoms: ch\u00f9m b\u1ea9n, gi\u1ed1ng b\u00f4ng m\u1ecdc tr\u00ean m\u00ecnh c\u00e1, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u1ee7 l\u00ean v\u00f9ng r\u1ed9ng tr\u00ean c\u00e1, tr\u1ee9ng c\u00e1 chuy\u1ec3n tr\u1eafng.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>B\u1ec7nh n\u1ea5m lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n k\u00e8m theo c\u00e1ch b\u1ec7nh kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 k\u00fd sinh, ch\u1ea5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng ho\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec5m tr\u00f9ng. Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng l\u00e0 kho\u1ea3ng x\u00e1m ho\u1eb7c tr\u1eafng m\u1ecdc tr\u00ean th\u00e2n ho\u1eb7c v\u00e2y c\u00e1. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eefa tr\u1ecb cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng ch\u00fang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh tr\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng b\u00f4ng. B\u1ec7nh n\u1ea5m n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1eefa tr\u1ecb s\u1ebd \u0103n v\u00e0o th\u00e2n c\u00e1 \u0111\u1ebfn khi c\u00e1 ch\u1ebft.<br \/>Sau khi x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n g\u00e2y n\u1ea5m v\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf ch\u00fang, h\u00f2a tan phenoxethol t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 1% v\u00e0o n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ea5t. Sau \u0111\u00f3 b\u1ecf h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p tr\u00ean v\u00e0o b\u1ec3 c\u00e1 theo t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 10ml\/1l. Nh\u1eafc l\u1ea1i sau v\u00e0i ng\u00e0y n\u1ebfu c\u1ea7n, nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ec9 t\u1ed1i \u0111a 3 c\u1ea7n t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 t\u00ednh t\u1eeb l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean. N\u1ebfu tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng b\u1ec7nh m\u00e3nh li\u1ec7t c\u00e1 b\u1ec7nh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i ra kh\u1ecfi b\u1ec3 v\u00e0 ch\u1eefa b\u1eb1ng t\u0103m b\u00f4ng nh\u00fang qua povidone iodine ho\u1eb7c mercurochrome.<\/p>\n<p>\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi tr\u1ee9ng c\u00e1, h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u00e2n gi\u1ed1ng h\u00f2a tan xanh methylene t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 3 \u0111\u1ebfn 5 mg\/l nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba sau khi tr\u1ee9ng \u0111c \u0111\u1ebb.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Ichthyosporidium<\/strong><br \/><strong>Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng:l\u1edd \u0111\u1edd, m\u1ea5t th\u0103ng b\u1eb1ng, tr\u01b0\u1edbng b\u1ee5ng.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Ichthyosporidium l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i n\u1ea5m, nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec5m th\u1ec3 n\u1ed9i. N\u00f3 t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng gan v\u00e0 th\u1eadn tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean, v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t t\u00e1n kh\u1eafp m\u1ecdi n\u01a1i. C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng kh\u00e1c nhau. C\u00e1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean l\u1edd \u0111\u1edd, m\u1ea5t th\u0103ng b\u1eb1ng, tr\u01b0\u1edbng b\u1ee5ng, v\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng hi\u1ec7n nang ngo\u00e0i. \u0110\u1ebfn l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 mu\u1ed9n \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ee9u ch\u1eefa.<br \/>Ch\u1eefa tr\u1ecb kh\u00e1 kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n. Phenoxethol tr\u1ed9n v\u00e0o th\u1ee9c \u0103n v\u1edbi t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 1% c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3. Chloromycetin tr\u1ed9n v\u00e0o th\u1ee9c \u0103n c\u0169ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3. Nh\u1eefng c\u1ea3 hai c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb n\u00e0y, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng d\u00f9ng \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y nguy hi\u1ec3m cho c\u00e1. C\u00e1ch tr\u00ean ch\u1ec9 hi\u1ec7u qu\u00e1 n\u1ebfu chu\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n \u0111\u1ee7 s\u1edbm, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng ti\u00eau h\u1ee7y c\u00e1 tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi b\u1ec7nh ph\u00e1t t\u00e1n.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Miscellaneous<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Head and Lateral Line Erosion Disease<\/strong>\u00a0\u2013 B\u1ec7nh l\u1ed7 tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea7u<strong>\u00a0(HLLD or HLLE)<\/strong><br \/><strong>Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng: B\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t l\u1ed7 nh\u1ecf tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0 m\u1eb7t, th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng ngay ph\u00eda tr\u00ean m\u1eaft. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eefa tr\u1ecb, ch\u00fang s\u1ebd tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh l\u1ed7 to v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 b\u1ec7nh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n h\u1ecdc theo \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng vi\u1ec1n b\u00ean.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Head and Lateral Line Disease \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi t\u00ean b\u1ec7nh l\u1ed7 \u1edf tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea7u, Lateral Line Erosion (LLE), and Lateral Line Disease (LLD). \u1ede c\u00e1 n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eb7n n\u00f3 th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111c li\u00ean h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi Marine Head and Lateral Line Erosion (MHLLE) or Head and Lateral Line Erosion Syndrome (HLLES).<\/p>\n<p>D\u00f9 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh ch\u01b0a \u0111c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c, m\u1ed9t nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u m\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y \u0111c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u1edfi Jay Hemdal v\u00e0 b\u00e1o c\u00e1o \u1edf Coral Magazine v\u00e0o mua xu\u00e2n n\u0103m 2011. Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng than ho\u1ea1t t\u00ednh trong b\u1ec3 th\u1ee7y sinh v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a HLLES \u1edf c\u00e1 \u0111u\u00f4i gai. T\u1eeb k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, cho th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng HLLE l\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng than ho\u1ea1t t\u00ednh trong b\u1ec3 c\u00e1. C\u00e1 trong nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n HLLE thu\u1ed9c 2 nh\u00f3m \u0111\u1ed1i ch\u1ee9ng, m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m \u0111c d\u00f9ng than c\u1ee7i kh\u00f4ng r\u1eeda v\u00e0 nh\u00f3m c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i d\u00f9ng than c\u1ee5c. Nh\u00f3m c\u00e1 th\u1ee9 ba l\u00e0 nh\u00f3m \u0111\u1ed1i ch\u1ee9ng kh\u00f4ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng than, v\u00e0 ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec1n b\u1ec7nh Head and Lateral Line.<br \/>Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ch\u1ec9 t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o c\u00e1 bi\u1ec3n. Tuy nhi\u00ean kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 lo\u00e0i c\u00e1 \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 chung tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng b\u1ec7nh, v\u00e0 ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n th\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ed5n \u1edf m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u1ed1ng nhau. Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ch\u1ec9 ra r\u1eb1ng \u1edf c\u00e1 n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ecdt nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh l\u00e0 kh\u00e1c nhau, nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a \u0111c ch\u1ee9ng minh.<\/p>\n<p>Tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 b\u1ec7nh Head and Lateral Line b\u1ecb l\u1ea7m t\u01b0\u1edfng nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n do thi\u1ebfu dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng ho\u1eb7c kh\u1ea9u ph\u1ea7n \u0103n kh\u00f4ng phong ph\u00fa, thi\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t hay nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1eefng d\u01b0\u1ee1ng ch\u1ea5t nh\u01b0: Vitamin C, Vitamin D, canxi , v\u00e0 ph\u1ed1t pho; \u00edt thay n\u01b0\u1edbc; l\u1ea1m d\u1ee5ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u l\u1ecdc h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc nh\u01b0 than.<br \/>C\u00e1ch tr\u1ecb t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1ec3 c\u00e1ch ly cung c\u1ea5p m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng th\u01b0 th\u00e1i cho c\u00e1 v\u1edbi ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ed1t. Cung c\u1ea5p kh\u1ea9u ph\u1ea7n \u0103n ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng g\u00f2m ch\u1ea5t x\u01a1, ch\u1ed7 tr\u00fa, v\u00e0 n\u01a1i y\u00ean t\u0129nh \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1eb7t b\u1ec3 c\u00e1.<\/p>\n<p>HLLE ch\u1eefa b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p sau \u0111\u00e2y:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf than ho\u1ea1t t\u00ednh<\/li>\n<li>Thay n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean h\u01a1n.<\/li>\n<li>Th\u00eam vitamin v\u00e0o th\u1ee9c \u0103n \u0111\u00f4ng l\u1ea1nh.<\/li>\n<li>Th\u00eam ph\u1ea7n b\u1ed5 sung c\u1ee7a th\u1ee9c \u0103n v\u1ea9y, v\u00ec ch\u00fang c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u vitamins.<\/li>\n<li>Th\u00eam th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m xanh, c\u1ea3 \u0111\u00f4ng l\u1ea1nh l\u1eabn d\u1ea1ng l\u00e1, v\u00e0o kh\u1ea9u ph\u1ea7n \u0103n.<\/li>\n<li>Gi\u1ea3m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng tim b\u00f2 v\u00ec ch\u00fang thi\u1ebfu nhi\u1ec1u d\u01b0\u1ee1ng ch\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>(B\u1ec7nh n\u00e0y hay b\u1ecb nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn v\u1edbi b\u00eanh \u2018Hexamita\u2019, v\u00ec hay b\u1ec7nh n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi tr\u00ean c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t con c\u00e1. Hexamita l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i k\u00fd sinh tr\u00f9ng nguy\u00ean sinh t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng ph\u1ea7n ru\u1ed9t sau. C\u00e1 \u0111\u0129a v\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u1ecd c\u00e1 ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebf, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 c\u00e1 Oscars, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t d\u1ec5 m\u1eafc Hexamita.)<\/p>\n<p><strong>C\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 m\u1eaft<\/strong><br \/><strong>Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng: m\u1edd gi\u00e1c m\u1ea1c, \u0111\u1ee5c th\u1ee7y tinh th\u1ec3, l\u1ed3i m\u1eaft, s\u01b0ng t\u1ea5y, m\u00f9 l\u00f2a.<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>M\u1edd gi\u00e1c m\u1ea1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 do nhi\u1ec5m tr\u00f9ng. Kh\u00e1ng sinh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1eefu hi\u1ec7u.<\/li>\n<li>M\u1edd \u0111\u1ee5c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 do suy dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng ho\u1eb7c \u1ea5u tr\u00f9ng nang x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp. Th\u1eed d\u00f9ng th\u1ee9c \u0103n b\u1ed5 sinh vitamin ho\u1eb7c thay \u0111\u1ed5i ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 \u0103n cho \u0111a d\u1ea1ng.<\/li>\n<li>L\u1ed3i m\u1eaft (exophtalmia) c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 do c\u1ea7m m\u1ea1nh tay, t\u1eafc m\u1ea1ch do kh\u00ed, kh\u1ed1i u, nhi\u1ec5m tr\u00f9ng, ho\u1eb7c thi\u1ebfu vitamin A. Bong b\u00f3ng kh\u00ed ho\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec5m tr\u00f9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1eefa tr\u1ecb b\u1eb1ng penicillin ho\u1eb7c amoxicillin.<\/li>\n<li>M\u00f9 l\u00f2a c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 do suy dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng ho\u1eb7c \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng qu\u00e1 m\u1ea1nh. Gi\u1ea3m \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng ho\u1eb7c thay \u0111\u1ed5i ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 \u0103n phong ph\u00fa c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba b\u1ec7nh.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Swim-bladder Disease<\/strong><br \/><strong>Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng: b\u01a1i ki\u1ec3u k\u1ef3 d\u1ecb, kh\u00f3 gi\u1eef th\u0103ng b\u1eb1ng.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>B\u01a1i b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ec9 ra nh\u1eefng b\u1ec7nh kh\u00e1c \u0111c li\u1ec7t k\u00ea d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n nghi ng\u1edd c\u00e1 c\u00f3 bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n b\u01a1i kh\u00e1c th\u01b0\u1eddng, tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft h\u00e3y ki\u1ec3m tra v\u00e0 tr\u1ecb nh\u1eefng b\u1ec7nh li\u1ec7t k\u00ea d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Congenitally deformed bladder<\/li>\n<li>Ung th\u01b0 ho\u1eb7c tuberculosis\u00a0\u1edf n\u1ed9i t\u1ea1ng c\u0169ng g\u1ea7n k\u1ec1 v\u1edbi b\u1ec7nh n\u00e0y<\/li>\n<li>T\u00e1o b\u00f3n<\/li>\n<li>Dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng k\u00e9m<\/li>\n<li>T\u1ee5t gi\u1ea3m ho\u1eb7c thay \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng<\/li>\n<li>Nhi\u1ec5m k\u00fd sinh n\u1eb7ng<\/li>\n<li>Nhi\u1ec5m tr\u00f9ng n\u1eb7ng<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf h\u1ebft nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n tr\u00ean, h\u00e3y ch\u1eafc r\u1eb1ng b\u1ea1n cho c\u00e1 \u0103n \u0111\u00fang lo\u1ea1i th\u1ee9c \u0103n v\u00e0 \u00a0ch\u1eafn ch\u1eafn c\u00e1 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb t\u00e1o b\u00f3n. Cho c\u00e1 \u0103n th\u1ee9c \u0103n t\u01b0\u01a1i m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u00e1 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ee7 ch\u1ea5t x\u01a1. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi ki\u1ec3m tra nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 m\u00e0 c\u00e1 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi v\u00e0 gi\u1eef nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n<p><strong>B\u1ec7nh kh\u00f4ng l\u00e2y nhi\u1ec5m<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Ch\u1ea5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/strong><br \/>D\u00f9 c\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng b\u1ec3 c\u00e1 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1ea5t d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u01a1i c\u00e1 s\u1eafc x\u1ea3o nh\u1ea5t, ch\u1ea5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1eabn x\u1ea3y ra. Th\u1ec9nh tho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1 l\u1edbn l\u00e0 th\u1ee7 ph\u1ea1m, ho\u1eb7c v\u1eadt s\u1eafc c\u1ea1nh c\u00f3 trong b\u1ec3. \u0110\u00f4i khi ch\u1ea5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u1ea3y ra m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00e1ch gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch n\u00e0o. Nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1edbi con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, tai n\u1ea1n v\u1eabn hay x\u1ea3y ra.<br \/>N\u1ebfu nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n g\u00e2y ch\u1ea5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00e0 th\u1ea5y r\u00f5, n\u00f3 n\u00ean \u0111c kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c. V\u1ebft th\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u00ean \u0111c b\u00f4i v\u1edbi 2% Mercurochrome, thu\u1ed1c n\u00e0y c\u00f3 b\u00e1n r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i. C\u00f9ng v\u1edbi \u0111\u00f3, t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o s\u1ee9c ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ef1ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u01b0\u1edbc, gi\u1eef c\u00e1 \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 t\u00ednh axit r\u1ea5t nh\u1eb9 (pH 6.6) s\u1ebd t\u0103ng t\u1ed1c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u1ed3i ph\u1ee5c. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi v\u1ebft th\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u1ecf, n\u1ebfu \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ed1t s\u1ebd t\u1ef1 l\u00e0nh.<\/p>\n<p><strong>T\u00e1o b\u00f3n<\/strong><br \/>V\u00e0i lo\u00e0i c\u00f3 d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb t\u00e1o b\u00f3n h\u01a1n nh\u1eefng lo\u00e0i kh\u00e1c. Th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng d\u00f2ng c\u00e1 m\u00ecnh d\u1eb9t nh\u01b0 c\u00e1 th\u1ea7n ti\u00ean ho\u1eb7c h\u1ecd c\u00e1 v\u00e1y. Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng l\u00e0 bi\u1ebfng \u0103n v\u00e0 ph\u00ecnh th\u00e2n. Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 do ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 \u0103n u\u1ed1ng.<br \/>Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n thay \u0111\u1ed5i ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 \u0103n l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee7. Nh\u01b0ng trong nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u1eb7ng h\u00e3y th\u1eed nh\u00fang th\u1ee9c \u0103n kh\u00f4 v\u00e0o d\u1ea7u \u00a0paraffin. Glycerin d\u1ea7u th\u1ea7u d\u1ea7u c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. N\u1ebfu cho \u0103n thay \u0111\u1ed5i gi\u1eefa th\u1ef1c \u0111\u01a1n c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n th\u1ec9nh tho\u1ea3ng k\u00e8m theo th\u1ee9c \u0103n t\u01b0\u01a1i, b\u1ec7nh n\u00e0y s\u1ebd ko x\u1ea3y ra.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Kh\u1ed1i u<\/strong><br \/>Kh\u1ed1i u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111c g\u00e2y ra b\u1edfi virus ho\u1eb7c ung th\u01b0, nh\u01b0ng h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft kh\u1ed1i u l\u00e0 do di truy\u1ec1n.Kh\u1ed1i u di truy\u1ec1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 do lai gh\u00e9p qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u, ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn trong gi\u1edbi ch\u01a1i c\u00e1 chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p. V\u1ec1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n, kh\u1ed1i u l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb. N\u1ebfu c\u00e1 \u0111au y\u1ebfu, n\u00f3 n\u00ean \u0111c ti\u00eau h\u1ee7y.<\/p>\n<p><strong>D\u1ecb t\u1eadt b\u1ea9m sinh<\/strong><br \/>D\u1ecb t\u1eadt th\u01b0\u1eddng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n khi nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 t\u1ea1o gi\u1ed1ng chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh tr\u1ea1ng n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 th\u00f4ng qua sinh s\u1ea3n (C\u00e1 La H\u00e1n t\u1ea1o ra b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch n\u00e0y v\u1edbi d\u1ecb t\u1eadt l\u00e0 c\u00e1i b\u01b0\u1edbu tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea7u). \u0110\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 b\u1ea1ch t\u1ea1ng (VD: c\u00e1 \u0111\u0129a b\u1ed3 c\u00e2u) ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 th\u00eam v\u00e2y. Nh\u1eefng d\u1ecb t\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng mong mu\u1ed1n th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111c nh\u00e0 t\u1ea1o gi\u1ed1ng lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf. Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u0111\u00f4i khi \u0111\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn c\u0169ng x\u1ea3y ra \u1edf b\u1ec3 nghi\u1ec7p d\u01b0.<br \/>N\u1ebfu bi\u1ebfn d\u1ecb kh\u00f4ng \u0111e d\u1ecda t\u00ednh m\u1ea1ng ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0m suy gi\u1ea3m ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u00e1, c\u1ee9 m\u1eb7t k\u1ec7 v\u00e0 \u0111em n\u00f3 \u0111i khoe v\u1edbi b\u1ea1n b\u00e8. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng, con c\u00e1 n\u00ean \u0111c ti\u00eau h\u1ee7y m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea1o.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>B\u1ec7nh do virus<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Lymphocystis<\/strong><br \/><strong>Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng: s\u01b0ng t\u1ea5y k\u00e8m theo nhi\u1ec1u u tr\u1eafng nh\u1ecf (tr\u00f4ng nh\u01b0 hoa s\u00fap l\u01a1) tr\u00ean th\u00e2n ho\u1eb7c v\u00e2y.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Lymphocystis l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t virus, v\u00ec th\u1ebf n\u00f3 nhi\u1ec5m v\u00e0o c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o c\u1ee7a c\u00e1. N\u00f3 th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111c nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft b\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng c\u1ee5c tr\u1eafng kh\u00e1c th\u01b0\u1eddng (gi\u1ed1ng hoa s\u00fap l\u01a1) \u1edf v\u00e2y v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i kh\u00e1c tr\u00ean c\u01a1 th\u1ec3. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e2y nhi\u1ec5m nh\u01b0ng ko g\u00e2y nguy hi\u1ec3m. Kh\u00f4ng may l\u00e0 ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 c\u00e1ch ch\u1eefa b\u1ec7nh n\u00e0y nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ec7nh hi\u1ebfm g\u1eb7p. C\u00f3 hai c\u00e1ch gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft b\u1ec7nh n\u00e0y. M\u1ed9t l\u00e0 t\u00e1ch c\u00e1 b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m b\u1ec7nh ra v\u00e0 ti\u00eau h\u1ee7y s\u1edbm nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3. Hai l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch ly c\u00e1 b\u1ec7nh trong v\u00e0i th\u00e1ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee3i b\u1ec7nh t\u1ef1 thuy\u00ean gi\u1ea3m, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y v\u1eabn th\u01b0\u1eddng x\u1ea3y ra.<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>C\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh v\u1ec1 c\u00e1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chia l\u00e0m 4 lo\u1ea1i ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn bao g\u1ed3m: nhi\u1ec5m tr\u00f9ng, nhi\u1ec5m n\u1ea5m, k\u00fd sinh ho\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec5m nguy\u00ean sinh, suy nh\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 v\u1ebft th\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1edf. B\u1ec7nh nhi\u1ec5m tr\u00f9ng: b\u1ec7nh nhi\u1ec5m tr\u00f9ng th\u01b0\u1eddng bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n b\u1edfi s\u1ecdc ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ed1m \u0111\u1ecf c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bao g\u1ed3m s\u01b0ng v\u00f9ng b\u1ee5ng ho\u1eb7c m\u1eaft. [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3931","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/robot.yeupet.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3931","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/robot.yeupet.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/robot.yeupet.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/robot.yeupet.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/robot.yeupet.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3931"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/robot.yeupet.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3931\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/robot.yeupet.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3931"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/robot.yeupet.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3931"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/robot.yeupet.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3931"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}