{"id":58,"date":"2018-11-07T16:14:42","date_gmt":"2018-11-07T16:14:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/robot.yeupet.vn\/?p=106"},"modified":"2018-11-07T16:14:42","modified_gmt":"2018-11-07T16:14:42","slug":"lai-tao-ca-betta-cam-thach-marble","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/robot.yeupet.vn\/index.php\/2018\/11\/07\/lai-tao-ca-betta-cam-thach-marble\/","title":{"rendered":"Lai t\u1ea1o c\u00e1 betta c\u1ea9m th\u1ea1ch (marble)"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

C\u00e1 c\u1ea9m th\u1ea1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c lai t\u1ea1o trong c\u00e1c l\u1ecd \u0111\u1ef1ng b\u01a1 \u0111\u1eadu ph\u1ed9ng b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t t\u00f9 nh\u00e2n t\u00ean l\u00e0 Orville Gulley. C\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n nh\u01b0 sau, Orville c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1 betta b\u01b0\u1edbm \u0111en v\u00e0 v\u00f4 t\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra gen c\u1ea9m th\u1ea1ch. \u00d4ng g\u1eedi v\u00e0i con cho Walt Maurus, m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean IBC (v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u00e0 lai t\u1ea1o kh\u00e1c) ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra v\u1ebb \u0111\u1eb9p c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang v\u00e0 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u lai t\u1ea1o d\u00f2ng c\u00e1 n\u00e0y. Ch\u00fang gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng con ng\u1ef1a Pinto trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u00e1 betta v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng v\u1ec7t s\u1eabm tr\u00ean n\u1ec1n th\u00e2n m\u00e0u nh\u1ea1t hay ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i. Con c\u00e1 c\u1ea9m th\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u00f3 hai m\u00e0u \u0111en\/tr\u1eafng nh\u01b0ng sau \u0111\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh v\u00f4 s\u1ed1 d\u1ea1ng m\u00e0u kh\u00e1c nhau v\u00e0 d\u00f9ng ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng d\u00f2ng c\u00e1 betta m\u1edbi.<\/p>\n

\"betta32\"<\/p>\n

Lai t\u1ea1o c\u00e1 c\u1ea9m th\u1ea1ch
Gen c\u1ea9m th\u1ea1ch c\u1ecf v\u1ebb nh\u01b0 ch\u1ec9 tr\u1ed9i m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n (c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1ea1i cho r\u1eb1ng n\u00f3 l\u00e0 gen \u0111\u1ed3ng tr\u1ed9i hay gen l\u1eb7n m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n) v\u00ec th\u1ebf lai c\u1ea9m th\u1ea1ch v\u1edbi c\u00e1 \u0111\u01a1n s\u1eafc s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o ra \u0111a s\u1ed1 l\u00e0 c\u00e1 \u0111\u01a1n s\u1eafc v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u00edt c\u00e1 c\u1ea9m th\u1ea1ch. N\u1ebfu c\u00e1 cha m\u1eb9 \u0111\u1ec1u mang gen c\u1ea9m th\u1ea1ch th\u00ec t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 c\u00e1 con c\u1ea9m th\u1ea1ch s\u1ebd cao h\u01a1n. Gen c\u1ea9m th\u1ea1ch t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00ean b\u1ec1 ngo\u00e0i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1 theo c\u00e1ch kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111o\u00e1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ki\u1ec3u k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p m\u00e0u s\u1eafc v\u00e0 hoa v\u0103n n\u00e0o. Tuy nhi\u00ean, nh\u00e0 lai t\u1ea1o c\u00f3 l\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3i qua nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 (v\u00e0 tuy\u1ec3n ch\u1ecdn) tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed1i di\u1ec7n v\u1edbi th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c t\u1ea1o ra d\u00f2ng c\u00e1 m\u1edbi.<\/p>\n

Lai t\u1ea1o c\u00e1 c\u1ea9m th\u1ea1ch v\u1edbi nhau th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1 \u0111\u01a1n s\u1eafc n\u1ec1n s\u1eabm, \u0111\u01a1n s\u1eafc n\u1ec1n nh\u1ea1t, c\u00e1 b\u01b0\u1edbm v\u00e0 c\u00e1 c\u1ea9m th\u1ea1ch. C\u00e1 b\u01b0\u1edbm \u0111\u01a1n s\u1eafc xu\u1ea5t x\u1ee9 t\u1eeb d\u00f2ng c\u1ea9m th\u1ea1ch s\u1ebd c\u00f3 c\u00f9ng \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m di truy\u1ec1n v\u1edbi c\u00e1 \u0111\u01a1n s\u1eafc c\u0169ng \u1edf d\u00f2ng c\u1ea9m th\u1ea1ch; khi c\u00e1 b\u01b0\u1edbm lai v\u1edbi c\u00e1 \u0111\u01a1n s\u1eafc xu\u1ea5t x\u1ee9 t\u1eeb d\u00f2ng \u0111\u01a1n s\u1eafc, c\u00e1 con s\u1ebd mang gen b\u01b0\u1edbm tr\u1ed9i m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n.<\/p>\n

Lai gi\u1eefa c\u00e1 \u0111\u01a1n s\u1eafc n\u1ec1n s\u1eabm hay \u0111\u01a1n s\u1eafc n\u1ec1n nh\u1ea1t xu\u1ea5t x\u1ee9 t\u1eeb d\u00f2ng c\u1ea9m th\u1ea1ch s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1 c\u1ea9m th\u1ea1ch, c\u00e1 \u0111\u01a1n s\u1eafc v\u00e0 c\u00e1 b\u01b0\u1edbm. N\u1ebfu gen c\u1ea9m th\u1ea1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u v\u00e0o d\u00f2ng c\u00e1 \u0111\u01a1n s\u1eafc th\u00ec s\u1ebd c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 kh\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 quay tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i d\u00f2ng c\u00e1 \u0111\u01a1n s\u1eafc. C\u00e1 con s\u1ebd lu\u00f4n d\u00ednh \u00edt nhi\u1ec1u m\u00e0u c\u1ea9m th\u1ea1ch hay m\u00e0u l\u1ea1. Lai xa d\u00f2ng c\u1ea9m th\u1ea1ch v\u1edbi d\u00f2ng kh\u00e1c s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o ra hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng \u201cc\u1ea9m th\u1ea1ch\u201d tr\u00ean m\u00e0u s\u1eafc c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c d\u00f2ng \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n

\"betta33\"<\/p>\n

\u201cGen nh\u1ea3y\u201d
M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y trong ng\u00e0nh di truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a \u201cy\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 di chuy\u1ec3n\u201d hay c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cgen nh\u1ea3y\u201d. Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng gen m\u00e0 ch\u00fang c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng di chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb v\u1ecb tr\u00ed n\u00e0y sang m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb tr\u00ed kh\u00e1c tr\u00ean chu\u1ed7i nhi\u1ec5m s\u1eafc th\u1ec3. \u0110\u00f4i khi ch\u00fang ch\u00e8n v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb tr\u00ed v\u00e0 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00ean ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a gen \u1edf v\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u0111\u00f3. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0m cho t\u1ebf b\u00e0o (v\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e2n b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a n\u00f3) kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn gen \u0111\u00f3. B\u1edfi v\u00ec gen nh\u1ea3y ch\u1ec9 t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi n\u1eb1m \u1edf m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 tr\u00ean chu\u1ed7i nhi\u1ec5m s\u1eafc th\u1ec3, cho n\u00ean s\u1ef1 m\u1ea5t t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a gen ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi.<\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu gen nh\u1ea3y t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i v\u00e0 n\u00f3 ch\u00e8n v\u00e0o v\u1ecb tr\u00ed gen ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m t\u1ea1o ra s\u1eafc t\u1ed1 \u0111en, n\u00f3 s\u1ebd l\u00e0m ng\u01b0ng vi\u1ec7c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc t\u1ed1 \u0111en t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o (v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang) kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra s\u1eafc t\u1ed1 \u0111en. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed1m ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ed1m tr\u1eafng hay \u0111\u1ed1m m\u1edd. \u0110i\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra! N\u1ebfu t\u1ebf b\u00e0o kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ea1o ra s\u1eafc t\u1ed1 \u0111en b\u1edfi v\u00ec s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a gen nh\u1ea3y, v\u00e0 khi gen n\u00e0y d\u1eddi \u0111i th\u00ec t\u1ebf b\u00e0o (v\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e2n b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a n\u00f3) l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ea1o ra s\u1eafc t\u1ed1 \u0111en v\u00e0 m\u00e0u \u0111en l\u1ea1i xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n. \u0110\u00f4i khi nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed1m \u0111en tr\u00ean n\u1ec1n th\u00e2n nh\u1ea1t m\u00e0u c\u1ee7a c\u00e1 c\u1ea9m th\u1ea1ch b\u1ed7ng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec3m tr\u1eafng \u1edf ch\u00ednh gi\u1eefa (tr\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 con m\u1eaft). \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng t\u1ebf b\u00e0o nh\u00e2n b\u1ea3n ban \u0111\u1ea7u kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra s\u1eafc t\u1ed1 \u0111en b\u1edfi v\u00ec s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a gen nh\u1ea3y (t\u1ea1o ra n\u1ec1n th\u00e2n nh\u1ea1t m\u00e0u) sau \u0111\u00f3 gen nh\u1ea3y d\u1eddi \u0111i l\u00e0m cho m\u00e0u \u0111en xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n (t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng ch\u1ea5m \u0111en), r\u1ed3i \u1edf m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u1ebf b\u00e0o, gen nh\u1ea3y quay l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf s\u1eafc t\u1ed1 \u0111en l\u00e0m xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec3m tr\u1eafng b\u00ean trong nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed1m \u0111en.<\/p>\n

L\u00fd thuy\u1ebft v\u1ec1 \u201cgen nh\u1ea3y\u201d c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch t\u1ea1i sao m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00e1 c\u1ea9m th\u1ea1ch l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 c\u00f3 hoa v\u0103n \u201cc\u1ea9m th\u1ea1ch\u201d. N\u1ebfu \u201cgen nh\u1ea3y\u201d kh\u00f4ng ch\u00e8n (tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u1ec1n s\u1eabm) hay d\u1eddi \u0111i (tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u1ec1n nh\u1ea1t) \u1edf b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 t\u1ebf b\u00e0o n\u00e0o trong su\u1ed1t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1 th\u00ec hoa v\u0103n \u201cc\u1ea9m th\u1ea1ch\u201d s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n. B\u00e2y gi\u1edd, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng m\u00e0u kh\u00e1c\u2026 ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n c\u00e1c m\u00e0u xanh l\u1ee5c, xanh d\u01b0\u01a1ng, xanh th\u00e9p v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecf. Gen nh\u1ea3y s\u1ebd ch\u00e8n v\u00e0o chu\u1ed7i gen v\u00e0 b\u1eadt hay t\u1eaft kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ea1o s\u1eafc t\u1ed1 \u1edf nh\u1eefng t\u1ebf b\u00e0o nh\u00e2n b\u1ea3n.<\/p>\n

C\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng cho th\u1ea5y gen nh\u1ea3y hay \u201cy\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 di chuy\u1ec3n\u201d c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o ra \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m \u201cc\u1ea9m th\u1ea1ch\u201d \u1edf c\u00e1 betta. S\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ea9m th\u1ea1ch c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00fd gi\u1ea3i b\u1eb1ng l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft n\u00e0y. Nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9ng minh n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ebd r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n. C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn lu\u00f4n \u0111\u00fang: cho d\u00f9 b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u00edch c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf di truy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1 c\u1ea9m th\u1ea1ch hay kh\u00f4ng th\u00ec c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng ch\u00fang r\u1ea5t \u0111\u1eb9p. V\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1ec1u y\u00eau th\u00edch \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3!<\/p>\n

B\u00e0i n\u00e0y s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u00e2m m\u1ed9 c\u00e1 c\u1ea9m th\u1ea1ch nh\u01b0 Steve Saunders, Gene Lucas v\u00e0 Walt Maurus.<\/p>\n

Ngu\u1ed3n diendancacanh<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

C\u00e1 c\u1ea9m th\u1ea1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c lai t\u1ea1o trong c\u00e1c l\u1ecd \u0111\u1ef1ng b\u01a1 \u0111\u1eadu ph\u1ed9ng b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t t\u00f9 nh\u00e2n t\u00ean l\u00e0 Orville Gulley. C\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n nh\u01b0 sau, Orville c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1 betta b\u01b0\u1edbm \u0111en v\u00e0 v\u00f4 t\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra gen c\u1ea9m th\u1ea1ch. \u00d4ng g\u1eedi v\u00e0i con cho Walt Maurus, m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean IBC (v\u00e0 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-58","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/robot.yeupet.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/58","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/robot.yeupet.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/robot.yeupet.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/robot.yeupet.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/robot.yeupet.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=58"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/robot.yeupet.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/58\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/robot.yeupet.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=58"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/robot.yeupet.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=58"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/robot.yeupet.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=58"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}