{"id":89,"date":"2018-11-07T17:17:04","date_gmt":"2018-11-07T17:17:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/robot.yeupet.vn\/?p=171"},"modified":"2018-11-07T17:17:04","modified_gmt":"2018-11-07T17:17:04","slug":"cach-cai-thien-vay-lung-cua-betta","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/robot.yeupet.vn\/index.php\/2018\/11\/07\/cach-cai-thien-vay-lung-cua-betta\/","title":{"rendered":"C\u00e1ch c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n v\u00e2y l\u01b0ng c\u1ee7a betta"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

\"betta22\"<\/p>\n

H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u00e2m m\u1ed9 c\u00e1 betta \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111i theo c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng. H\u1ecd y\u00eau th\u00edch c\u00e1, h\u1ecdc c\u00e1ch lai t\u1ea1o ch\u00fang, ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i m\u00e0u s\u1eafc v\u00e0 h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng kh\u00e1c nhau, v\u00e0 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f2n t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 d\u00f2ng c\u00e1 m\u00e0 h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecf c\u00f4ng lai t\u1ea1o trong m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i. V\u00f4 h\u00ecnh chung, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 lai t\u1ea1o tu\u00e2n theo c\u00e1ch n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1u ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ed1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 m\u00e0u s\u1eafc l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng.<\/p>\n

C\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t trong s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 Gene Lucas v\u1ec1 gen tr\u1eafng \u0111\u1ee5c (opaque) v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng gen n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra d\u00f2ng c\u00e1 betta tr\u1eafng. Nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1ng ch\u00fa \u00fd g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra m\u00e0u cam c\u1ee7a Gilbert Limhengco v\u00e0 nh\u01b0 t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u1edf b\u00e0i tr\u01b0\u1edbc, s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a d\u1ea1ng v\u00e2y halfmoon.<\/p>\n

\"betta23\"<\/p>\n

Vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i m\u00e0u s\u1eafc v\u00e0 h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng m\u1edbi \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi nh\u00e0 lai t\u1ea1o ph\u1ea3i x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau trong \u0111\u1ea7u, nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 sinh h\u1ecdc c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n v\u00e0, sau c\u00f9ng, c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0 c\u1ed1ng hi\u1ebfn h\u1ebft m\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 mong mu\u1ed1n. T\u00f4i \u0111o\u00e1n r\u1eb1ng, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi th\u1eddi gian, nh\u1eefng d\u1ef1 \u00e1n nh\u01b0 v\u1eady s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3. Theo t\u00f4i, l\u00e3nh v\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 c\u00f3 l\u1ebd l\u00e0 v\u1ec1 h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a v\u00e2y l\u01b0ng.<\/p>\n

C\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o v\u00e2y l\u01b0ng: V\u00e2y l\u01b0ng, t\u1ee9c v\u00e2y cao nh\u1ea5t, bao g\u1ed3m hai lo\u1ea1i tia v\u00e2y. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u1eefng tia v\u00e2y \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean l\u00e0 gai v\u00e2y hay tia x\u01b0\u01a1ng. N\u1eb1m \u1edf v\u00f9ng chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp, c\u00e1c gai v\u00e2y ng\u1eafn, c\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e2n nh\u00e1nh. Ti\u1ebfp theo c\u00e1c gai v\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tia v\u00e2y m\u1ec1m g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 lepidotrichia. Nh\u1eefng tia n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng \u0111o\u1ea1n x\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u00ecnh \u1ed1ng ch\u1ee9a c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ch m\u00e1u v\u00e0 d\u00e2y th\u1ea7n kinh (h\u00ecnh 1). Ki\u1ec3u c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o g\u1ed3m nhi\u1ec1u \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y gi\u00fap cho tia v\u00e2y m\u1ec1m m\u1ea1i. Kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 gai v\u00e2y, tia v\u00e2y m\u1ec1m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n l\u00e0m \u0111\u00f4i \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c nh\u00e1nh nh\u1ecb c\u1ea5p, tam c\u1ea5p hay th\u1eadm ch\u00ed t\u1ee9 c\u1ea5p. Theo quy \u01b0\u1edbc, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u gai v\u00e2y b\u1eb1ng s\u1ed1 La M\u00e3 v\u00e0 k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u tia v\u00e2y b\u1eb1ng s\u1ed1 th\u01b0\u1eddng. Do \u0111\u00f3, b\u1ea3n m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 ban \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a C. T. Reagan (1909. H\u1ecd c\u00e1 r\u00f4 ch\u00e2u \u00c1 Anabantidae. Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. 767-787) v\u1ec1 lo\u00e0i Betta splendens k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u I-II\/7-10, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u00f4ng quan s\u00e1t th\u1ea5y lo\u00e0i n\u00e0y c\u00f3 t\u1eeb 1 \u0111\u1ebfn 2 gai v\u00e2y v\u00e0 t\u1eeb 7 \u0111\u1ebfn 10 tia v\u00e2y m\u1ec1m.<\/p>\n

\"betta24\"<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c d\u1ea1ng v\u00e2y l\u01b0ng \u1edf h\u00ecnh 2 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m s\u01a1 l\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ec1 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng tia v\u00e2y. H\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng v\u00e2y l\u01b0ng \u1edf c\u00e1 hoang d\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea5y t\u1eeb lo\u00e0i Betta splendens cho th\u1ea5y s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng tia v\u00e2y t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 ban \u0111\u1ea7u (I\/8, h\u00ecnh 2A). C\u00e1 \u0111\u00e1 v\u00e2y ng\u1eafn hay plakat (II\/11, h\u00ecnh 2B), c\u00e1 plakat c\u1ea3nh (II\/10, h\u00ecnh 2C) v\u00e0 c\u00e1 betta c\u1ea3nh \u0111u\u00f4i d\u00e0i (II\/10, h\u00ecnh 2D) c\u00f3 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng tia v\u00e2y ch\u1ec9 h\u01a1i nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi c\u00e1 hoang d\u00e3. Tuy nhi\u00ean, l\u01b0u \u00fd r\u1eb1ng tia v\u00e2y \u1edf c\u00e1 plakat c\u1ea3nh v\u00e0 c\u00e1 betta c\u1ea3nh \u0111u\u00f4i d\u00e0i l\u1ea1i ph\u00e2n nh\u00e1nh nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

T\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a gen \u0111u\u00f4i k\u00e9p: C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 lai t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ec1u bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng gen \u0111u\u00f4i k\u00e9p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra v\u00e2y l\u01b0ng v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng tia v\u00e2y nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n. Gen \u0111u\u00f4i k\u00e9p l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i gen \u0111\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn r\u1ea5t n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 di truy\u1ec1n h\u1ecdc, ch\u00fang t\u1ea1o ra hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng sao ch\u00e9p g\u01b0\u01a1ng. \u1ede c\u00e1 \u0111u\u00f4i ng\u1eafn b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng, v\u00e2y l\u01b0ng c\u00f3 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng kh\u00e1c xa so v\u1edbi v\u00e2y h\u1eadu m\u00f4n. C\u00e1 \u0111u\u00f4i k\u00e9p sao ch\u00e9p \u0111u\u00f4i, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c thay th\u1ebf v\u00e2y l\u01b0ng (ph\u1ea7n tr\u00ean) b\u1eb1ng b\u1ea3n sao c\u1ee7a v\u00e2y h\u1eadu m\u00f4n (ph\u1ea7n d\u01b0\u1edbi). N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n h\u00ecnh dung m\u1ed9t m\u1eb7t ph\u1eb3ng k\u00e9o d\u00e0i t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u cho \u0111\u1ebfn g\u1ed1c \u0111u\u00f4i, nh\u1eefng c\u00e1i v\u00e2y \u1edf c\u00e1c h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ed1i di\u1ec7n s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1ee9ng v\u1edbi nhau qua m\u1eb7t ph\u1eb3ng nh\u01b0 h\u00ecnh trong g\u01b0\u01a1ng.<\/p>\n

Gene Lucas cung c\u1ea5p b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean cho th\u1ea5y \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111u\u00f4i k\u00e9p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t gen l\u1eb7n (1968. Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn th\u1ec3 \u1edf c\u00e1 \u0111\u00e1 Xi\u00eam Betta splendens, d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn m\u00e0u s\u1eafc v\u00e0 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u1edbi t\u00ednh. Lu\u1eadn v\u0103n ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc bang Iowa). T\u00f4i xin l\u01b0u \u00fd b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ecdc r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed7i gen bao g\u1ed3m 2 b\u1ea3n sao, m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n t\u1eeb m\u1eb9 v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n t\u1eeb cha. Nh\u1eefng b\u1ea3n sao n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 alen. C\u00f3 hai lo\u1ea1i alen trong gen \u0111u\u00f4i k\u00e9p, alen hoang d\u00e3 (+) v\u00e0 alen \u0111\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn (dt). C\u00e1 mang hai b\u1ea3n sao c\u1ee7a gen hoang d\u00e3 ++ s\u1ebd c\u00f3 \u0111u\u00f4i \u0111\u01a1n, trong khi c\u00e1 mang hai b\u1ea3n sao c\u1ee7a gen \u0111\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn dtdt s\u1ebd c\u00f3 \u0111u\u00f4i k\u00e9p. C\u00e1 mang gen d\u1ecb h\u1ee3p t\u1eed +dt s\u1ebd c\u00f3 \u0111u\u00f4i \u0111\u01a1n nh\u01b0ng v\u00e2y l\u01b0ng s\u1ebd to v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u tia v\u00e2y h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi c\u00e1 \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ee3p t\u1eed ++.<\/p>\n

\"betta25\"<\/p>\n

H\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n IBC: H\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng v\u00e2y l\u01b0ng \u1edf c\u00e1 betta m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta th\u1ea5y ng\u00e0y nay, m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebf th\u1eeba t\u1eeb t\u1ed5 ti\u00ean, m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau m\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 lai t\u1ea1o \u0111ang ph\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ea5u \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 sau \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1edfi \u201cTi\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1\u201d c\u1ee7a H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng betta qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf (IBC). Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, vi\u1ec7c t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n c\u1ee7a IBC \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi v\u00e2y l\u01b0ng l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft.<\/p>\n

\"betta26\"<\/p>\n

Theo c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n, v\u00e2y l\u01b0ng l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng ph\u1ea3i \u201cc\u00f3 h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng gi\u1ecdt n\u01b0\u1edbc r\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 thu\u00f4n\u201d \u2013 C\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u \u201c\u0111\u1ed9 r\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng chung l\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng, v\u00e2y c\u00e0ng l\u1edbn c\u00e0ng t\u1ed1t\u201d (\u0110o\u1ea1n 2, H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1, Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 5, Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n chung, trang 17). D\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u sau c\u00f9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng gen \u0111u\u00f4i k\u00e9p. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, \u0111\u1ed9 r\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 di\u1ec7n t\u00edch c\u1ee7a v\u00e2y l\u01b0ng ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 gia t\u0103ng s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e1c tia v\u00e2y, nh\u01b0 v\u1eady c\u00e1 mang m\u1ed9t alen \u0111u\u00f4i k\u00e9p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n th\u1ee9 hai \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c v\u00e2y, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u201cnh\u1eefng tia v\u00e2y ph\u1ea3i th\u1eb3ng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n song song\u201d \u2013 (Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 5, Ph\u1ea7n c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn, trang 18). Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c di\u1ec5n gi\u1ea3i b\u1edfi c\u00e1c tr\u1ecdng t\u00e0i r\u1eb1ng v\u00e2y l\u01b0ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ec1u v\u00e0 d\u00e0i, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 tia v\u00e2y \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean ph\u1ea3i d\u00e0i b\u1eb1ng v\u1edbi tia v\u00e2y th\u1ee9 hai, tia v\u00e2y th\u1ee9 hai d\u00e0i b\u1eb1ng v\u1edbi tia v\u00e2y th\u1ee9 ba, v\u00e0 c\u1ee9 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady. V\u00e2y l\u01b0ng c\u00e1 \u0111u\u00f4i k\u00e9p c\u0169ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y b\u1edfi v\u00ec c\u00e1c tia \u1edf v\u00e2y h\u1eadu m\u00f4n c\u00f3 chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 nhau. \u0110\u1ec3 so s\u00e1nh, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 v\u00e2y l\u01b0ng \u1edf h\u00ecnh 2 A-C so v\u1edbi h\u00ecnh 3B. V\u00e2y h\u1eadu m\u00f4n c\u00f3 h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng vu\u00f4ng v\u1ee9c v\u1edbi \u0111a s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c tia v\u00e2y song song v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e2n nh\u00e1nh. R\u1ed3i gen \u0111u\u00f4i k\u00e9p sao ch\u00e9p c\u00e1c tia song song l\u00ean v\u00e2y l\u01b0ng nh\u01b0 hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu \u1edf h\u00ecnh 3B.<\/p>\n

Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 c\u1ee7a IBC \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi v\u00e2y l\u01b0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng theo xu h\u01b0\u1edbng khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng gen \u0111u\u00f4i k\u00e9p. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u00e0 lai t\u1ea1o, v\u00e2y l\u01b0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng; h\u1ecd ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n lai t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e1 mang m\u1ed9t alen \u0111u\u00f4i k\u00e9p l\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o v\u00e2y l\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u1ed9i so v\u1edbi c\u00e1 thi\u1ebfu gen n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

Blois, Ph\u00e1p, 2001: T\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 suy ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a v\u00e2y l\u01b0ng k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb m\u00f9a thu n\u0103m 2001 khi t\u00f4i c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi nh\u00e0 lai t\u1ea1o danh ti\u1ebfng ng\u01b0\u1eddi Th\u1ee5y S\u0129 Rajiv Masillamoni l\u00e0m tr\u1ecdng t\u00e0i trong cu\u1ed9c tri\u1ec3n l\u00e3m th\u01b0\u1eddng ni\u00ean \u1edf Blois, Ph\u00e1p. \u0110\u1ed9c gi\u1ea3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u1edb l\u1ea1i b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft sau c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i v\u1ec1 vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a Rajiv trong s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a d\u00f2ng c\u00e1 halfmoon; m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 Rajiv qua c\u00e1c quy\u1ec3n s\u00e1ch n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng (Masillamoni, R. v\u00e0 Schmidt, J. 1998. Schleierkampffische. Bede-Verlag; Gonella, H. v\u00e0 Masillamoni, R. 1997. Kampffische. Bede-Verlag). V\u00e0i trong s\u1ed1 nh\u1eefng con c\u00e1 n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt t\u1ea1i tri\u1ec3n l\u00e3m thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 lai t\u1ea1o c\u00e1 b\u1ea3y m\u00e0u Alan Genet, ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eadp trung nu\u00f4i c\u00e1 betta g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y. Rajiv v\u00e0 t\u00f4i, c\u1ea3 hai \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1ecb b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd v\u1edbi v\u00e2y l\u01b0ng c\u00e1 c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 khi n\u00f3 x\u00f2e ra v\u00e0 v\u1ed7 v\u1ed7 tr\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e2y qu\u1ea1t Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n. Alan t\u1eb7ng Rajiv m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00e1 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u00e0 ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn r\u1eb1ng v\u00e0i con \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p v\u00e0o b\u1ed9 gen di truy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a d\u00f2ng c\u00e1 m\u00e0 t\u00f4i \u0111ang c\u00f3 b\u00e2y gi\u1edd.<\/p>\n

Tr\u00ean ch\u1eb7ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e0i t\u1eeb n\u01a1i tri\u1ec3n l\u00e3m v\u1ec1 nh\u00e0 Rajiv \u1edf Th\u1ee5y S\u0129, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng con c\u00e1 n\u00e0y. Sau khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed trong ph\u00f2ng nu\u00f4i c\u00e1 c\u1ee7a Rajiv, cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng ch\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ng\u1eafm ch\u00fang th\u1ecfa th\u00edch. Ngay khi c\u00f2n non, c\u00e1 c\u1ee7a Genet \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n nh\u00e1nh v\u00e2y l\u01b0ng kh\u00e1c th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 vi\u1ec1n ngo\u00e0i c\u00f3 h\u00ecnh tr\u00f2n. Kh\u00f4ng nghi ng\u1edd g\u00ec n\u1eefa, nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 lai t\u1ea1o kh\u00e1c \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m tr\u00ean v\u00e2y l\u01b0ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi t\u00f4i ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

\u0110i\u1ec1u m\u1edbi k\u1ebf ti\u1ebfp: Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n c\u1ee7a IBC r\u1ea5t d\u1ec5 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9 v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t gen duy nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 lai t\u1ea1o kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e2y l\u01b0ng. N\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfp \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng ph\u00e1t sinh t\u1eeb ph\u00f2ng nu\u00f4i c\u00e1 c\u1ee7a Rajiv, t\u00f4i cho r\u1eb1ng ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a v\u00e2y l\u01b0ng v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n nh\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c tia v\u00e2y.<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 li\u00ean t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0 t\u1ef1 h\u1ecfi xem c\u00f2n \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ea1t khi \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng gen \u0111u\u00f4i k\u00e9p. Tia v\u00e2y l\u01b0ng \u1edf c\u00e1 mang gen \u0111u\u00f4i k\u00e9p hi\u1ebfm khi n\u00e0o ph\u00e2n nh\u00e1nh (ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 h\u00ecnh 3B). S\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n nh\u00e1nh n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n \u1edf m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i tia v\u00e2y n\u1eb1m \u1edf ph\u00eda sau v\u00e0 c\u0169ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n ph\u00e2n \u0111\u00f4i. Ki\u1ec3u ph\u00e2n nh\u00e1nh \u0111a c\u1ea5p t\u1ee9c nh\u1eefng nh\u00e1nh con ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c t\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n nh\u00e1nh nh\u01b0 \u1edf \u0111u\u00f4i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1 halfmoon hi\u1ebfm khi xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n \u1edf v\u00e2y l\u01b0ng.<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u00f2n thi\u1ebfu \u1edf v\u00e2y l\u01b0ng \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1ee9ng tr\u00f2n. Vi\u1ec7c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng gen \u0111u\u00f4i k\u00e9p l\u00e0m t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9 vu\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a v\u00e2y l\u01b0ng khi\u1ebfn cho c\u00e1 tr\u00f4ng r\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t. H\u00e3y quan s\u00e1t h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng v\u00e2y l\u01b0ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1 plakat c\u1ea3nh hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i (h\u00ecnh 2C). Qua kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t lo\u1ea1i v\u00e2y l\u01b0ng n\u00e0y cho th\u1ea5y chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tia v\u00e2y ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u1ed1i \u0111a, sau \u0111\u00f3 gi\u1ea3m d\u1ea7n. Th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00ec tia v\u00e2y d\u00e0i nh\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng n\u1eb1m ngay ch\u00ednh gi\u1eefa m\u00e0 h\u01a1i l\u00f9i v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda sau. \u0110\u1ed9 r\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a m\u00e0ng v\u00e2y gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c tia v\u00e2y v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n nh\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a tia v\u00e2y \u1edf ph\u00eda sau l\u1edbn h\u01a1n \u1edf ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc, do \u0111\u00f3 h\u00ecnh d\u00e1ng t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a v\u00e2y l\u01b0ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a n\u1eeda v\u00f2ng tr\u00f2n.<\/p>\n

T\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ra r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t v\u00e2y l\u01b0ng l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 h\u00ecnh b\u00e1n nguy\u1ec7t, v\u1edbi c\u00e1c tia v\u00e2y d\u00e0i v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n nh\u00e1nh th\u1eadt nhi\u1ec1u. T\u00f4i ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 con c\u00e1 c\u00f3 v\u00e2y l\u01b0ng tr\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 \u1edf h\u00ecnh 4. Lo\u1ea1i v\u00e2y l\u01b0ng nh\u01b0 v\u1eady kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i v\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y; \u0111\u00e2y ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 h\u00ecnh v\u1ebd d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i m\u00e0 th\u00f4i. Hi\u1ec3n nhi\u00ean \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau m\u00e0 t\u00f4i cho l\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00f4ng qua vi\u1ec7c lai tuy\u1ec3n ch\u1ecdn m\u1ed9t khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u00f3 \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1ec1 n\u00f3.<\/p>\n

\u0110i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n sinh h\u1ecdc: \u0110\u1ec3 s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec m\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng c\u1ea7n x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau m\u00e0 c\u00f2n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n sinh h\u1ecdc. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft, nh\u1eefng gen c\u1ea7n c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u1ea3i hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n mu\u1ed1n t\u1ea1o ra v\u00e2y l\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1ee9ng c\u00f3 h\u00ecnh b\u00e1n nguy\u1ec7t v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng vu\u00f4ng v\u1ee9c, th\u00ec b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i ki\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1 c\u00f3 v\u00e2y tr\u00f2n v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng vu\u00f4ng v\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec3 lai v\u1edbi. T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1, n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n mu\u1ed1n t\u1ea1o ra v\u00e2y l\u01b0ng c\u00f3 tia v\u00e2y ph\u00e2n nh\u00e1nh th\u1eadt nhi\u1ec1u, th\u00ec c\u00e1 c\u00f3 tia v\u00e2y l\u01b0ng ph\u00e2n nh\u00e1nh nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u1ea3i hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n. Ch\u00eca kh\u00f3a cho vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 ch\u1ecdn c\u00e1 gi\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m g\u1ea7n nh\u1ea5t v\u1edbi \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n mong mu\u1ed1n r\u1ed3i c\u1ea3i t\u1ea1o qua nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch.<\/p>\n

S\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn th\u1ec3 v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ee7. Bi\u1ebfn th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i r\u1ea5t \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t. Bi\u1ebfn th\u1ec3 bao g\u1ed3m hai y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1, di truy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng. M\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 bi\u1ebfn th\u1ec3 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u00e0u n\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u01a1i c\u00e1 sinh s\u1ed1ng s\u1ebd \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00ean m\u00e0u s\u1eafc c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. C\u00e1 s\u1ed1ng \u1edf m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ed1i tr\u00f4ng s\u1ebd \u0111\u1eadm h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi c\u00e1 s\u1ed1ng \u1edf m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u00e1ng h\u01a1n. V\u1eady lai t\u1ea1o c\u00e1 tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ed1i s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f2ng c\u00e1 \u0111en. M\u1ed9t khi c\u00e1 con \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nu\u00f4i trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u00e1ng s\u1ee7a, m\u00e0u s\u1eafc c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n g\u00ec nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi t\u1ed5 ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. Nh\u1eefng bi\u1ebfn th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n d\u00f2ng c\u00e1 ph\u1ea3i mang c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m di truy\u1ec1n. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, ch\u1ec9 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m di truy\u1ec1n l\u00e0 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m di truy\u1ec1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n mu\u1ed1n t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1 betta c\u00f3 hai v\u00e2y l\u01b0ng, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 l\u1ebd s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng b\u1edfi v\u00ec b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ki\u1ebfm ra c\u00e1 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m di truy\u1ec1n v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e2y l\u01b0ng nh\u01b0 v\u1eady. V\u1eady l\u00e0m sao ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1eb1ng m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh l\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 thi, hay l\u00e0m sao ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1eb1ng bi\u1ebfn th\u1ec3 di truy\u1ec1n c\u00f3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 m\u00e0 ch\u1ecdn l\u1ecdc? Th\u00e2t kh\u00f4ng may, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 sinh h\u1ecdc chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00e1c \u201cnguy\u00ean t\u1eafc d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n\u201d r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u0169ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. B\u1ea1n n\u00ean bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng th\u00fa v\u1eadt c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac ban \u0111\u1ea7u, v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 ch\u00fang c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac \u0111\u00f3. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, b\u1ea1n bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng tia v\u00e2y c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u00e2n nh\u00e1nh, nh\u01b0 v\u1eady bi\u1ebfn th\u1ec3 di truy\u1ec1n v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n nh\u00e1nh tia v\u00e2y nhi\u1ec1u (hay \u00edt) h\u01a1n c\u00f3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i. Xin nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh r\u1eb1ng nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng lu\u00f4n \u0111\u00fang nh\u01b0ng th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 trong vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o ra nhi\u1ec1u hay \u00edt h\u01a1n nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n v\u1ed1n \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n.<\/p>\n

Chuy\u1ec7n \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e2y: Tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau m\u00e0 t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ec1 ra \u2013 v\u1ec1 v\u00e2y l\u01b0ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1 halfmoon \u2013 c\u00f3 l\u00fd do \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a n\u00f3. R\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u chi ti\u1ebft c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean ph\u1ea3i th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n hai nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5. Th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u1ea7n c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n d\u1ea1ng v\u00e2y l\u01b0ng vu\u00f4ng v\u1ee9c, song song v\u00e0 tr\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 v\u00e2y h\u1eadu m\u00f4n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1 \u0111u\u00f4i k\u00e9p th\u00e0nh d\u1ea1ng v\u00e2y l\u01b0ng tr\u00f2n tr\u1ecba h\u01a1n. C\u00e1 plakat c\u1ea3nh hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i v\u1ed1n c\u00f3 h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng v\u00e2y l\u01b0ng nh\u01b0 v\u1eady. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta hy v\u1ecdng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra d\u1ea1ng v\u00e2y l\u01b0ng tr\u00f2n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch nhanh ch\u00f3ng b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c lai ch\u00fang v\u1edbi c\u00e1 plakat, cho d\u00f9 vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng tia v\u00e2y th\u1eadt d\u00e0i \u1edf v\u00e2y l\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 lai t\u1ea1o c\u00e1 halfmoon nh\u01b0 \u1edf \u0111u\u00f4i.<\/p>\n

Nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 th\u1ee9 hai l\u00e0 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n nh\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a tia v\u00e2y. \u0110\u00e2y c\u00f3 l\u1ebd l\u00e0 th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c l\u1edbn h\u01a1n nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 h\u00e0ng lo\u1ea1t d\u00f2ng c\u00e1 halfmoon v\u1edbi tia v\u00e2y l\u01b0ng ph\u00e2n nh\u00e1nh m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3. H\u00ecnh 5 m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 hai v\u00e2y l\u01b0ng v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tia v\u00e2y. V\u00e2y l\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean l\u00e0 c\u00e1 tr\u1eafng ph\u1ea5n c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 lai t\u1ea1o Sean Mahabir \u1edf Colorado v\u00e0 v\u00e2y l\u01b0ng c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 d\u00f2ng c\u00e1 \u0111en vi\u1ec1n \u2013 \u0111\u1ecf b\u01b0\u1edbm c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i. C\u1ea3 hai \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 c\u00e1c tia v\u00e2y ph\u00e2n nh\u00e1nh m\u1ea1nh (b\u1ed1n nh\u00e1nh con). Cho d\u00f9 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n nh\u00e1nh tia v\u00e2y c\u00f3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i, \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m cho ch\u00fang ph\u00e2n nh\u00e1nh m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1ee9ng d\u1ecdc theo tr\u1ee5c ch\u00ednh th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c.<\/p>\n

V\u1eady gen \u0111u\u00f4i k\u00e9p c\u00f3 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n v\u00e2y l\u01b0ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1 halfmoon l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng? T\u00f4i tin l\u00e0 v\u1eady. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 gen \u0111u\u00f4i k\u00e9p c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u01b0 \u00fd v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n nh\u00e1nh tia v\u00e2y, nh\u01b0ng s\u1ef1 gia t\u0103ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng tia v\u00e2y s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u00f3. Sau c\u00f9ng, s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p t\u1ed1i \u01b0u bao g\u1ed3m h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng v\u00e2y l\u01b0ng tr\u00f2n nh\u01b0 \u1edf c\u00e1 plakat, s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n nh\u00e1nh tia v\u00e2y nh\u01b0 d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n \u1edf h\u00ecnh 5, v\u00e0 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng tia v\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1edd gen \u0111u\u00f4i k\u00e9p.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 lai t\u1ea1o c\u00e1 betta li\u00ean t\u1ee5c c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n c\u00e1 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1ec1 m\u00e0u s\u1eafc v\u00e0 h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng m\u1edbi. Cho d\u00f9 h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng v\u00e2y l\u01b0ng l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y c\u00f3 m\u00e3i l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u phi hi\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c, ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng d\u00f9 l\u00e0 ngo\u00e0i trang tr\u1ea1i hay trong ph\u00f2ng nu\u00f4i c\u00e1, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 lai t\u1ea1o c\u1ea7n nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 c\u00e1ch t\u00e2n, h\u00ecnh dung ra nh\u1eefng g\u00ec ph\u1ea3i th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3, ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh lai ch\u1ecdn l\u1ecdc, v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa khi\u1ebfn m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ea3i kinh ng\u1ea1c v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng bi\u1ebfn th\u1ec3 d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 v\u00f4 t\u1eadn m\u00e0 lo\u00e0i sinh v\u1eadt n\u00e0y c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n

Ngu\u1ed3n betta.ketviet<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u00e2m m\u1ed9 c\u00e1 betta \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111i theo c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng. H\u1ecd y\u00eau th\u00edch c\u00e1, h\u1ecdc c\u00e1ch lai t\u1ea1o ch\u00fang, ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i m\u00e0u s\u1eafc v\u00e0 h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng kh\u00e1c nhau, v\u00e0 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f2n t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 d\u00f2ng c\u00e1 m\u00e0 h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecf c\u00f4ng lai t\u1ea1o trong m\u1ed9t […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-89","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/robot.yeupet.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/89","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/robot.yeupet.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/robot.yeupet.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/robot.yeupet.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/robot.yeupet.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=89"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/robot.yeupet.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/89\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/robot.yeupet.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=89"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/robot.yeupet.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=89"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/robot.yeupet.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=89"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}